CD4 and CD8 cell populations in HIV-positive women with cervical squamous intra-epithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION

This study aimed to analyse cervical lymphocytic populations in HIV+ and HIV- patients and correlate different cervical lesions with HIV viral load and presence of high-risk HPV types.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A total of 132 histological specimens from 40 HIV+ and 72 HIV- patients were evaluated for CD4 and CD8 T cell distribution, presence of high-risk HPV types, peripheral blood HIV viral load and CD4/CD8 ratio.

RESULTS

High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from HIV+ patients had lower CD4 T cell scores compared with HIV- patients. In all lesion groups, HIV+ patients presented higher epithelial and stromal CD8 T cell scores. HIV viral load was more often detectable in patients with SCC than in those with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (p = 0.0409). HSIL HIV+ patients had lower circulating CD4 T cell counts (p = 0.0434) and CD4/CD8 ratio (p = 0.0378) compared with LSIL HIV+ patients. High-risk HPV types other than 16 and 18/45 were more prevalent in the HIV+ group.

DISCUSSION

These results support an imbalance between cervical CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes of HIV+ patients with SIL and SCC, with increased CD8+ infiltrate density with lesion severity, even in patients with immune system recovery under cART.