Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Geriatrics, China Medical University First Hospital, Shenyang, China.
J Neurointerv Surg. 2021 Aug;13(8):746-751. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016593. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
Notwithstanding the widespread implementation of flow diverters (FDs) in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, the exact mechanism of action of these devices remains elusive. We aimed to advance the understanding of cellular responses to FD implantation using a 3D tissue-engineered in vitro aneurysm model.
Aneurysm-like blood vessel mimics (aBVMs) were constructed by electrospinning polycaprolactone nanofibers onto desired aneurysm-like geometries. aBVMs were seeded with human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) followed by human aortic endothelial cells (ECs). FDs were then deployed in the parent vessel of aBVMs covering the aneurysm neck and were cultivated for 7, 14, or 28 days (n=3 for each time point). The EC and SMC coverage in the neck was measured semi-quantitatively.
At day 7, the device segment in contact with the parent vessel was partially endothelialized. Also, the majority of device struts, but not pores, at the parent vessel and neck interface were partially covered with ECs and SMCs, while device struts in the middle of the neck lacked cell coverage. At 14 days, histology verified a neointimal-like lining had formed, partially covering both the struts and pores in the center of the neck. At 28 days, the majority of the neck was covered with a translucent neointimal-like layer. A higher degree of cellular coverage was seen on the struts and pores at the neck at 28 days compared with both 7 and 14 days.
aBVMs can be a valuable alternative tool for evaluating the healing mechanisms of endovascular aneurysm devices.
尽管血流导向装置（FD）已广泛应用于颅内动脉瘤的治疗，但这些装置的确切作用机制仍难以捉摸。我们旨在通过使用 3D 组织工程体外动脉瘤模型来深入了解细胞对 FD 植入的反应。
通过将聚己内酯纳米纤维静电纺丝到所需的动脉瘤样形状上来构建动脉瘤样血管模拟物（aBVM）。aBVM 接种人主动脉平滑肌细胞（SMCs），然后接种人主动脉内皮细胞（ECs）。然后将 FD 部署在 aBVM 的母血管中，覆盖动脉瘤颈部，并培养 7、14 或 28 天（每个时间点 n=3）。测量颈部的 EC 和 SMC 覆盖率。
在第 7 天，与母血管接触的装置段部分内皮化。此外，在母血管和颈部界面处，大多数装置支柱，但不是孔，部分被 EC 和 SMC 覆盖，而颈部中间的装置支柱缺乏细胞覆盖。在第 14 天，组织学证实已形成新生内膜样衬里，部分覆盖颈部中心的支柱和孔。在第 28 天，颈部的大部分被半透明的新生内膜样层覆盖。与第 7 天和第 14 天相比，第 28 天颈部的支柱和孔上可见更高程度的细胞覆盖。
aBVM 可以成为评估血管内动脉瘤装置愈合机制的有价值的替代工具。
