短期和长期医务人员与非医务人员肠道微生物组的比较：一项横断面分析。

Comparison of the gut microbiota of short-term and long-term medical workers and non-medical controls: a cross-sectional analysis.

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.

Shenzhen Puensum Genetech Institute, Shenzhen, China.

出版信息

Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Sep;27(9):1285-1292. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.10.033. Epub 2020 Nov 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.10.033

PMID:33160036

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The hospital environment has been implicated in the enrichment and exchange of pathogens and antibiotic resistance, but its potential in shaping the symbiotic microbial community of hospital staff is unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the alteration of the gut microbiome in medical workers compared to non-medical controls.

METHODS

A prospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in the intensive care unit (ICU) and other departments of a centre in north-eastern China. Faecal samples of 175 healthy medical workers-short-term (1-3 months) workers (n = 80) and long-term (>1 year) workers (n = 95)-and 80 healthy non-medical controls were analysed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The hospital environmental samples (n = 9) were also analysed.

RESULTS

The gut microbiomes of medical workers exhibited marked deviations in diversity and alteration in microbial composition and function. Short-term workers showed significantly higher abundances of taxa such as Lactobacillus, Butyrivibrio, Clostridiaceae, Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Dialister, Bifidobacterium, Odoribacter, and Desulfovibrio and lower abundances of Bacteroides and Blautia than the controls. Long-term workers showed higher abundances of taxa such as Dialister, Veillonella, Clostridiaceae, Clostridium, Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, Pseudomonas, and Akkermansia and lower abundances of Bacteroides and Coprococcus than the controls. The medical workers' department (ICU versus non-ICU) and position (resident doctor versus nursing staff) also impacted their gut microbiome. Compared with the non-ICU workers, workers in the ICU showed a significant increase in the abundances of Dialister, Enterobacteriaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Pseudomonas, Veillonella, and Streptococcus and a marked depletion of Faecalibacterium, Blautia, and Coprococcus. In contrast with the nursing staff, the resident doctors showed a significant increase in Erysipelotrichaceae and Clostridium and a decrease in Bacteroides, Blautia, and Ruminococcus in the gut microbiome. Moreover, we found that the microbiota of hospital environments potentially correlated with the workers' gut microbiota.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings demonstrated structural changes in the gut microbial community of medical workers.

摘要

目的

医院环境被认为是病原体和抗生素耐药性富集和交换的场所，但它在塑造医院工作人员共生微生物群落方面的潜力尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估与非医疗对照组相比，医务人员肠道微生物组的变化。

方法

在中国东北某中心的重症监护病房（ICU）和其他科室进行了一项前瞻性的横断面队列研究。分析了 175 名健康医务人员（短期（1-3 个月）工作人员 80 名，长期（>1 年）工作人员 95 名）和 80 名健康非医务人员的粪便样本，使用 16S rRNA 扩增子测序。还分析了医院环境样本（n=9）。

结果

医务人员的肠道微生物组在多样性和微生物组成和功能的改变方面表现出明显的偏差。短期工作人员的 Lactobacillus、Butyrivibrio、Clostridiaceae、Clostridium、Ruminococcus、Dialister、Bifidobacterium、Odoribacter 和 Desulfovibrio 等分类群的丰度显著较高，而 Bacteroides 和 Blautia 的丰度显著较低。长期工作人员的 Dialister、Veillonella、Clostridiaceae、Clostridium、Bilophila、Desulfovibrio、Pseudomonas 和 Akkermansia 等分类群的丰度较高，而 Bacteroides 和 Coprococcus 的丰度较低。医务人员的科室（ICU 与非 ICU）和职位（住院医生与护理人员）也影响了他们的肠道微生物组。与非 ICU 工作人员相比，ICU 工作人员的 Dialister、Enterobacteriaceae、Phascolarctobacterium、Pseudomonas、Veillonella 和 Streptococcus 的丰度显著增加，Faecalibacterium、Blautia 和 Coprococcus 的丰度显著减少。与护理人员相比，住院医生的肠道微生物组中 Erysipelotrichaceae 和 Clostridium 的丰度显著增加，而 Bacteroides、Blautia 和 Ruminococcus 的丰度减少。此外，我们发现医院环境中的微生物群可能与工作人员的肠道微生物群相关。