Gelaw Tiruset, Ketema Teklemariam Gultie, Beyene Kassaw, Gurara Mekdes Kondale, Ukke Gebresilasea Gendisha
Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, P.O. Box 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020 Nov 7;20(1):672. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03367-z.
Fear of childbirth is one of the life challenges the women encounter during pregnancy. It is an important source of distress for the women and their families and also increases the odds of obstetric complications during childbirth. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of fear of childbirth and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public health facilities in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia.
Institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out among pregnant women who attended antenatal care at public health facilities in Arba Minch from November 1st - 30th 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to include the participants. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview by using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire was used to score fear of childbirth. Epi Data version 3.1 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0 software were used for data management. Descriptive and analytic analyses were done and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence level in multivariable analysis.
A total of 387 pregnant women have participated in this study. Forty (10.3%) of the pregnant women had a low degree fear, 154(39.8%) had a moderate degree fear, 98(25.3%) had a high degree fear, and 95(24.5%) had severe degree fear of childbirth. Unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.12, 4.74), current pregnancy-related complications (AOR = 6.24, 95% CI: 2.72, 14.29), and poor social support (AOR = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.01, 3.68) were factors significantly associated with severe degree fear of childbirth.
Almost three-fourth of the pregnant women in this study area had moderate to severe degree fear of childbirth. Tailoring counseling during antenatal care visits is needed to address those women who are at a high risk of considerable childbirth fear and its health consequences.
对分娩的恐惧是女性在孕期所面临的生活挑战之一。它是女性及其家人痛苦的重要来源，也会增加分娩时产科并发症的几率。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚南部阿尔巴明奇镇公共卫生机构中接受产前护理的孕妇对分娩的恐惧程度及相关因素。
于2019年11月1日至30日在阿尔巴明奇公共卫生机构接受产前护理的孕妇中开展基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术纳入研究对象。通过使用结构化且经过预测试的问卷进行面对面访谈收集数据。使用 Wijma 分娩预期问卷对分娩恐惧进行评分。采用Epi Data 3.1版软件和社会科学统计软件包25.0版进行数据管理。进行描述性和分析性分析，多变量分析中p值<0.05且置信水平为95%时判定具有统计学意义。
共有387名孕妇参与了本研究。40名（10.3%）孕妇有低度恐惧，154名（39.8%）有中度恐惧，98名（25.3%）有高度恐惧，95名（24.5%）有重度分娩恐惧。意外怀孕（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.30，95%置信区间[CI]：1.12，4.74）、当前与妊娠相关的并发症（AOR=6.24，95%CI：2.72，14.29）以及社会支持不足（AOR=1.93，95%CI：1.01，3.68）是与重度分娩恐惧显著相关的因素。
本研究区域近四分之三的孕妇有中度至重度分娩恐惧。需要在产前检查时进行针对性咨询，以帮助那些有较高分娩恐惧风险及其健康后果的女性。
