Dereje Adisalem, Dheresa Merga, Desalew Assefa, Tura Abera Kenay
Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Midwifery. 2023 Jan;116:103515. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103515. Epub 2022 Oct 18.
Fear of childbirth refers to feelings of uncertainty and anxiety before, during, or after childbirth by thinking about future labor and birth or experience of others. Evidence on burden of fear of childbirth and its associated factors is limited in Ethiopia. In this study, we assessed magnitude of fear of childbirth and its associated factors among pregnant women in Eastern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected pregnant women recruited from Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System-an open cohort consisting of continuous registry of health and demographic conditions in eastern Ethiopia. Women were interviewed and fear of childbirth was assessed using the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 20. Factors associated with fear of childbirth were identified using binary and multiple logistic regression and described using adjusted odds ratio (aOR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI). Finally, statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 in the multiple logistic regression.
Of a total of 476 pregnant women included in the study, 111(23.3%; 95% CI 19.3-26.9) had fear of childbirth. Fear of childbirth was more likely among women who had no antenatal care (aOR = 2.6; 95% CI:1.22-5.50), no husband support (aOR = 5.7; 95% CI: 2.32-13.10), unplanned pregnancy (aOR = 7.8; 95% CI: 3.92-15.42), and had history of complication in labor and pregnancy (aOR = 10.4; 95% CI: 5.20-20.81).
A quarter of pregnant women in eastern Ethiopia had fear of childbirth. Helping women to have positive pregnancy experience requires strengthening antenatal care, partner support, and prevention of unwanted pregnancy.
对分娩的恐惧是指在分娩前、分娩期间或分娩后，通过思考未来的分娩过程以及他人的分娩经历而产生的不确定感和焦虑情绪。在埃塞俄比亚，关于分娩恐惧负担及其相关因素的证据有限。在本研究中，我们评估了埃塞俄比亚东部孕妇中分娩恐惧的程度及其相关因素。
在从克尔萨健康与人口监测系统中随机选取的孕妇中开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究，该监测系统是一个开放队列，持续记录埃塞俄比亚东部的健康和人口状况。对孕妇进行访谈，并使用维伊马分娩预期问卷评估分娩恐惧。数据使用EpiData 3.1录入，并使用SPSS 20进行分析。通过二元和多元逻辑回归确定与分娩恐惧相关的因素，并使用调整后的优势比（aOR）及95%置信区间（CI）进行描述。最后，多元逻辑回归中的统计学显著性设定为p < 0.05。
在纳入研究的476名孕妇中，111名（23.3%；95% CI 19.3 - 26.9）有分娩恐惧。未接受产前护理的女性（aOR = 2.6；95% CI：1.22 - 5.50）、没有丈夫支持的女性（aOR = 5.7；95% CI：2.32 - 13.10）、意外怀孕的女性（aOR = 7.8；95% CI：3.92 - 15.42）以及有分娩和妊娠并发症史的女性（aOR = 10.4；95% CI：5.20 - 20.81）更有可能出现分娩恐惧。
埃塞俄比亚东部四分之一的孕妇有分娩恐惧。帮助女性获得积极的妊娠体验需要加强产前护理、伴侣支持以及预防意外怀孕。
