Prefectura Naval Argentina, Av. Eduardo Madero 235 (1106ACC), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Departamento de Virología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, ANLIS "Dr. Carlos G. Malbran", Av. Velez Sarsfield 563 (1282AFF), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Food Environ Virol. 2021 Mar;13(1):64-73. doi: 10.1007/s12560-020-09451-z. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
Cosaviruses (CoSV) and Saffold cardiovirus (SAFV) are novel members of the Picornaviridae family. The Matanza-Riachuelo river basin covers a total area of 2200 km with approximately 60 km long. Its last section is called Riachuelo River. The aim of this study was to describe the circulation of both picornaviruses and their relationship with the environmental situation of the Riachuelo River using 274 samples collected from 2005 to 2015. CoSV and SAFV were investigated in samples available by two periods: 2005-2006 and 2014-2015 (103 and 101, respectively). Physicochemical and bacteriological parameters confirmed very high levels of human fecal contamination during the 11 years evaluated. CoSV was detected in 85.7% (66/77) and 65.4% (17/26) of the samples collected in 2005-2006 and 2014-2015 periods, respectively. Species A and D were identified, the first one being widely predominant: 74.1% (20/27) and 75.0% (3/4) in both periods. SAFV virus was detected in 47.1% (32/68) and 52.6% (10/19) in periods 2005-2006 and 2014-2015, respectively. SAFV-6 was the most identified genotype in the entire study, while SAFV-3 was predominant in 2005-2006. The contribution of genotypes 1, 2, 4 and 8 was minor. The high prevalence of CoSV and SAFV suggests that both viruses have been circulating in Argentina at least since 2005. Our results show that a watercourse with high rates of human fecal contamination can become a persistent source of new viruses which capacity to produce human diseases is unknown.
科斯病毒（CoSV）和萨福病毒（SAFV）是小核糖核酸病毒科的新型成员。马坦萨-里阿乔罗河流域总面积为 2200 公里，长约 60 公里。其最后一段称为里阿乔罗河。本研究的目的是描述这两种小核糖核酸病毒的循环及其与里阿乔罗河环境状况的关系，共使用 2005 年至 2015 年期间收集的 274 个样本。CoSV 和 SAFV 分别在 2005-2006 年和 2014-2015 年（分别为 103 和 101 个）两个时期的样本中进行了调查。理化和细菌学参数证实，在 11 年的评估期间，里阿乔罗河的污染水平非常高，存在大量的人类粪便污染。CoSV 在 2005-2006 年和 2014-2015 年期间采集的样本中分别检出 85.7%（66/77）和 65.4%（17/26）。鉴定出 A 型和 D 型，前者广泛占优势：两个时期分别为 74.1%（20/27）和 75.0%（3/4）。SAFV 病毒在 2005-2006 年和 2014-2015 年期间的检出率分别为 47.1%（32/68）和 52.6%（10/19）。整个研究中，SAFV-6 是最常见的基因型，而 SAFV-3 在 2005-2006 年占优势。基因型 1、2、4 和 8 的贡献较小。CoSV 和 SAFV 的高流行率表明，这两种病毒至少自 2005 年以来一直在阿根廷流行。我们的研究结果表明，一条受高浓度人类粪便污染的水道可能成为新病毒的持续来源，而这些病毒产生人类疾病的能力尚不清楚。
