Abbott Nutrition, Bob Evans Farms, Columbus, OH 43212, USA.
Abbott Nutrition Division of Abbott, Columbus, OH 43219, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Nov 5;12(11):3403. doi: 10.3390/nu12113403.
Malnutrition is prevalent among oncology patients and can adversely affect clinical outcomes, prognosis, quality of life, and survival. This review evaluates current trends in the literature and reported evidence around the timing and impact of specific nutrition interventions in oncology patients undergoing active cancer treatment. Previous research studies (published 1 January 2010-1 April 2020) were identified and selected using predefined search strategy and selection criteria. In total, 15 articles met inclusion criteria and 12/15 articles provided an early nutrition intervention. Identified studies examined the impacts of nutrition interventions (nutrition counseling, oral nutrition supplements, or combination of both) on a variety of cancer diagnoses. Nutrition interventions were found to improve body weight and body mass index, nutrition status, protein and energy intake, quality of life, and response to cancer treatments. However, the impacts of nutrition interventions on body composition, functional status, complications, unplanned hospital readmissions, and mortality and survival were inconclusive, mainly due to the limited number of studies evaluating these outcomes. Early nutrition interventions were found to improve health and nutrition outcomes in oncology patients. Future research is needed to further evaluate the impacts of early nutrition interventions on patients' outcomes and explore the optimal duration and timing of nutrition interventions.
营养不良在肿瘤患者中很常见，会对临床结局、预后、生活质量和生存产生不利影响。本综述评估了目前文献中的趋势，并报告了在接受积极癌症治疗的肿瘤患者中特定营养干预的时机和影响的证据。使用预先确定的搜索策略和选择标准，确定并选择了之前的研究（发表于 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 4 月 1 日）。共有 15 篇文章符合纳入标准，其中 12/15 篇文章提供了早期营养干预。确定的研究检查了营养干预（营养咨询、口服营养补充剂或两者的组合）对各种癌症诊断的影响。营养干预可改善体重和体重指数、营养状况、蛋白质和能量摄入、生活质量以及对癌症治疗的反应。然而，营养干预对身体成分、功能状态、并发症、非计划住院再入院以及死亡率和生存率的影响尚无定论，主要是因为评估这些结局的研究数量有限。早期营养干预可改善肿瘤患者的健康和营养结局。需要进一步的研究来评估早期营养干预对患者结局的影响，并探索营养干预的最佳持续时间和时机。
