Lu Yaoqin, Yan Huan, Yang Jiandong, Liu Jiwen
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, China.
Department of Science and Education, Wulumuqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, China.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Nov 10;20(1):1675. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09760-9.
Hypertension has been declared as a global public health crisis by the World Health Organization, because of its high prevalence. It affects the health of one billion people worldwide and is directly responsible for the deaths of more than 10 million people per year. The purpose of our research was to explore the influence of occupational stress and psychological health on hypertension of miners who work in a noisy environment and provide decision reference for relevant departments to keep miners' health.
A case-control study was carried out in this research. The study subjects were divided into case groups and control groups based on whether they had hypertension or not. Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire and Self-Reporting Inventory questionnaire were used to investigate the psychological health status and occupational stress of the target population. General information was balanced between case and control groups through propensity score matching method. After propensity score matching, a multifactorial analysis was used to explore the impact of occupational stress and psychological health on hypertension.
According to the result of the multivariate analysis, psychological health was hazard to hypertension (t = 5.080, P<0.001) and occupational stress was not a direct risk factor for hypertension (t = 1.760, P = 0.080). The model was statistically significant (χ = 20.4, P<0.01).
For miners working in the noisy environment, psychological status was a direct risk factor to hypertension, while occupational stress was an indirect factor.
由于高血压的高患病率，世界卫生组织已将其宣布为全球公共卫生危机。它影响着全球10亿人的健康，每年直接导致超过1000万人死亡。我们研究的目的是探讨职业压力和心理健康对在嘈杂环境中工作的矿工高血压的影响，并为相关部门维护矿工健康提供决策参考。
本研究采用病例对照研究。根据研究对象是否患有高血压将其分为病例组和对照组。使用付出-回报失衡问卷和自评量表问卷调查目标人群的心理健康状况和职业压力。通过倾向得分匹配法使病例组和对照组之间的一般信息达到平衡。倾向得分匹配后，采用多因素分析探讨职业压力和心理健康对高血压的影响。
根据多因素分析结果，心理健康是高血压的危险因素（t = 5.080，P<0.001），职业压力不是高血压的直接危险因素（t = 1.760，P = 0.080）。该模型具有统计学意义（χ = 20.4，P<0.01）。
对于在嘈杂环境中工作的矿工，心理状态是高血压的直接危险因素，而职业压力是间接因素。
