Eulálio Hugo Yves C, Vieira Mariana, Fideles Thiago B, Tomás Helena, Silva Suédina M L, Peniche Carlos A, Fook Marcus Vinícius L
Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, PB, Brazil.
Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Nov 6;13(21):5005. doi: 10.3390/ma13215005.
Chitosan solubility in aqueous organic acids has been widely investigated. However, most of the previous works have been done with plasticized chitosan films and using acetic acid as the film casting solvent. In addition, the properties of these films varied among studies, since they are influenced by different factors such as the chitin source used to produce chitosan, the processing variables involved in the conversion of chitin into chitosan, chitosan properties, types of acids used to dissolve chitosan, types and amounts of plasticizers and the film preparation method. Therefore, this work aimed to prepare chitosan films by the solvent casting method, using chitosan derived from shrimp shell waste, and five different organic acids (acetic, lactic, maleic, tartaric, and citric acids) without plasticizer, in order to evaluate the effect of organic acid type and chitosan source on physicochemical properties, degradation and cytotoxicity of these chitosan films. The goal was to select the best suited casting solvent to develop wound dressing from shrimp chitosan films. Shrimp chitosan films were analyzed in terms of their qualitative assessment, thickness, water vapor permeability (WVP), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), wettability, tensile properties, degradation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and cytotoxicity towards human fibroblasts using the resazurin reduction method. Regardless of the acid type employed in film preparation, all films were transparent and slightly yellowish, presented homogeneous surfaces, and the thickness was compatible with the epidermis thickness. However, only the ones prepared with maleic acid presented adequate characteristics of WVP, WVTR, wettability, degradability, cytotoxicity and good tensile properties for future application as a wound dressing material. The findings of this study contributed not only to select the best suited casting solvent to develop chitosan films for wound dressing but also to normalize a solubilization protocol for chitosan, derived from shrimp shell waste, which can be used in the pharmaceutical industry.
壳聚糖在有机水溶液中的溶解性已得到广泛研究。然而，之前的大多数工作都是针对增塑壳聚糖薄膜进行的，并且使用乙酸作为流延溶剂。此外，这些薄膜的性能在不同研究中有所差异，因为它们受到多种不同因素的影响，例如用于生产壳聚糖的甲壳素来源、甲壳素转化为壳聚糖过程中涉及的加工变量、壳聚糖的性质、用于溶解壳聚糖的酸的类型、增塑剂的类型和用量以及薄膜制备方法。因此，本研究旨在通过溶剂浇铸法制备壳聚糖薄膜，使用源自虾壳废料的壳聚糖以及五种不同的有机酸（乙酸、乳酸、马来酸、酒石酸和柠檬酸）且不添加增塑剂，以评估有机酸类型和壳聚糖来源对这些壳聚糖薄膜的物理化学性质、降解和细胞毒性的影响。目标是选择最适合的浇铸溶剂，以利用虾壳聚糖薄膜开发伤口敷料。对虾壳聚糖薄膜进行了定性评估、厚度、水蒸气透过率（WVP）、水蒸气传输速率（WVTR）、润湿性、拉伸性能、在磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）中的降解以及使用刃天青还原法对人成纤维细胞的细胞毒性等方面的分析。无论在薄膜制备中使用何种酸类型，所有薄膜均为透明且略带黄色，表面均匀，厚度与表皮厚度相符。然而，只有用马来酸制备的薄膜具有足够的WVP、WVTR、润湿性、可降解性、细胞毒性以及良好的拉伸性能，适合未来作为伤口敷料材料应用。本研究的结果不仅有助于选择最适合的浇铸溶剂来开发用于伤口敷料的壳聚糖薄膜，还有助于规范源自虾壳废料的壳聚糖的溶解方案，该方案可用于制药行业。
