Liu Yang, Shi Guozheng, Liu Zeke, Ma Wanli
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu, P. R. China.
Nanoscale Horiz. 2021 Jan 5;6(1):8-23. doi: 10.1039/d0nh00488j.
Lead chalcogenide (PbX, X = S, Se) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising solution-processed semiconductor materials for the construction of low-cost, large-area, and flexible solar cells. The properties of CQDs endow them with advantages in semi-conducting film deposition compared to other solution-processed photovoltaic materials, which is critical for the fabrication of efficient large-area solar cells towards industrialization. However, the development of large-area CQD solar cells is impeded by the conventional solid-state ligand exchange process, where the tedious processing with high expense is indispensable to facilitate charge transport of CQD films for photovoltaic applications. In the past several years, the rapid development of CQD inks has boosted the device performance and dramatically simplified the fabrication process. The CQD inks are compatible with most of the industrialized printing techniques, demonstrating potential in fabricating solar modules for commercialization. This article aims to review the recent advances in solar cells based on PbX CQD inks, including both lab-scale and large-area photovoltaic devices prepared from solution-phase ligand exchange (SPLE) as well as the recently invented "one-step" synthesis. We expect to draw attention to the enormous potential of CQD inks for developing high-efficiency and low-cost large-area photovoltaics.
硫属铅化物（PbX，X = S、Se）胶体量子点（CQD）是用于构建低成本、大面积且柔性太阳能电池的有前景的溶液处理半导体材料。与其他溶液处理的光伏材料相比，CQD的特性使其在半导体薄膜沉积方面具有优势，这对于制备迈向工业化的高效大面积太阳能电池至关重要。然而，传统的固态配体交换过程阻碍了大面积CQD太阳能电池的发展，在该过程中，为促进用于光伏应用的CQD薄膜的电荷传输，繁琐且昂贵的处理是必不可少的。在过去几年中，CQD油墨的快速发展提高了器件性能并极大地简化了制造过程。CQD油墨与大多数工业化印刷技术兼容，在制造商业化太阳能组件方面显示出潜力。本文旨在综述基于PbX CQD油墨的太阳能电池的最新进展，包括通过溶液相配体交换（SPLE）制备的实验室规模和大面积光伏器件以及最近发明的“一步法”合成。我们期望引起人们对CQD油墨在开发高效低成本大面积光伏方面巨大潜力的关注。
