Chuang Li-Ming, Wu Shu-Fang Vivienne, Lee Mei-Chen, Lin Li-Ju, Liang Shu-Yuan, Lai Pao-Chin, Kao Mei-Chin
Department of Nursing, Shin Kong Memorial Wu Ho-Su Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2021 Apr;18(2):e12388. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12388. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-management of patients with early-stage chronic kidney disease (ESCKD).
This is a cross-sectional correlational study design. This study used purposive sampling to enroll a total of 130 patients with ESCKD. The research instruments included Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Care Knowledge Scale, Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Efficacy Instrument, Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management Scale, and so on. This study used the statistical software SPSS 20.0 to perform statistical analyses, such as descriptive statistical analysis, independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple hierarchical regression analysis.
The knowledge of patients with early kidney disease was moderate (55.10%), self-efficacy was moderate (54.44%), and self-management was moderate (61.11%). The disease knowledge and self-efficacy (r = .59, p < .01) were significantly positively correlated with self-management (r = .50, p < .01); the intervening effect of self-efficacy on self-management (z = 4.58, p < .001) reached statistically significant difference. Self-efficacy was the most significant predictor for self-management and explained 49% of the total variance.
This study suggested that self-efficacy was a mediator and predictor for self-management. The research results may serve as reference for related administrative authorities or medical personnel to develop self-efficacy strategies with theoretical basis, as well as appropriate self-efficacy improvement schemes, to transform the methods for enhancing disease knowledge to improve the intervention with self-efficacy language or method and increase patients' disease self-management.
本研究旨在探讨早期慢性肾脏病（ESCKD）患者的知识、自我效能感和自我管理之间的关系。
这是一项横断面相关性研究设计。本研究采用目的抽样法，共纳入130例ESCKD患者。研究工具包括慢性肾脏病自我护理知识量表、慢性肾脏病自我效能量表、慢性肾脏病自我管理量表等。本研究使用统计软件SPSS 20.0进行统计分析，如描述性统计分析、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson积差相关系数分析和多元逐步回归分析。
早期肾病患者的知识水平中等（55.10%），自我效能感中等（54.44%），自我管理水平中等（61.11%）。疾病知识和自我效能感（r = 0.59，p < 0.01）与自我管理显著正相关（r = 0.50，p < 0.01）；自我效能感对自我管理的中介效应（z = 4.58，p < 0.001）达到统计学显著差异。自我效能感是自我管理的最显著预测因素，解释了总方差的49%。
本研究表明自我效能感是自我管理的中介因素和预测因素。研究结果可为相关行政部门或医务人员制定具有理论依据的自我效能感策略以及合适的自我效能感提升方案提供参考，以转变增强疾病知识的方法，采用自我效能感语言或方法进行干预，提高患者的疾病自我管理能力。
