School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 1;268(Pt A):115890. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115890. Epub 2020 Oct 30.
Nanoplastics are common pollutants in aquatic environments and have attracted widespread research attention. However, few studies focus on the effects of nanoplastic exposure on energy metabolism in crustaceans. Accordingly, we exposed juvenile oriental river prawns (Macrobrachium nipponense) to different concentrations of 75-nm polystyrene nanoplastics (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) for 7, 14, 21, or 28 days. Thereafter, the effects of nanoplastic exposure on metabolite content, energy metabolism-related enzyme activity, and gene expression were evaluated. Our results showed that (1) with increasing nanoplastic concentration and exposure time, the survival rate decreased, while weight gain rate and molting number increased and then decreased; glycogen, triglyceride, and total cholesterol content all declined while lactic acid content increased with higher exposure to nanoplastic concentrations; (2) the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), hexokinase (HK), carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1, pyruvate kinase (PK), lipase, and fatty acid synthase tended to decrease, while the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased. In particular, the activity of 6-phosphofructokinase exposed to 5 mg/L nanoplastics increased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) Expression of the metabolism-related genes 6-phosphate glucokinase (G-6-Pase), HK, PK, ACC, Acetyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), CPT-1, and fatty-acid-binding protein 10 (FABP 10) increased and then decreased, while expression of the LDH gene showed an upward trend. These results indicate that nanoplastics affect growth, enzyme activity, and the gene expression of energy metabolism in M. nipponense, and that high concentrations of nanoplastics have a negative impact on energy metabolism.
纳米塑料是水生环境中的常见污染物，已引起广泛的研究关注。然而，很少有研究关注纳米塑料暴露对甲壳类动物能量代谢的影响。因此，我们将幼年日本沼虾（Macrobrachium nipponense）暴露于不同浓度的 75nm 聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（0、5、10、20 和 40mg/L）中 7、14、21 或 28 天。然后，评估了纳米塑料暴露对代谢物含量、能量代谢相关酶活性和基因表达的影响。结果表明：（1）随着纳米塑料浓度和暴露时间的增加，存活率降低，而增重率和蜕皮数先增加后减少；糖原、甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量随着纳米塑料浓度的升高而降低，而乳酸含量升高；（2）乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶（ACC）、己糖激酶（HK）、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-1、丙酮酸激酶（PK）、脂肪酶和脂肪酸合酶的活性均呈下降趋势，而乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性升高。特别是暴露于 5mg/L 纳米塑料的 6-磷酸果糖激酶活性显著增加（P<0.05）。（3）代谢相关基因 6-磷酸葡萄糖激酶（G-6-Pase）、HK、PK、ACC、乙酰辅酶 A 结合蛋白（ACBP）、CPT-1 和脂肪酸结合蛋白 10（FABP 10）的表达先增加后减少，而 LDH 基因的表达呈上升趋势。这些结果表明，纳米塑料影响 M. nipponense 的生长、酶活性和能量代谢基因表达，高浓度的纳米塑料对能量代谢有负面影响。
