Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 7, 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38D, 20-618, Lublin, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 11;10(1):19601. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76674-2.
The purpose of this study is to compare recreationally physically active females and males with regard to spine, pelvis and lower limb joints peak angles in each plane of motion during a single leg squat (SLS). The second aim is to investigate the relationship between kinematics and SLS depth in females and males. Fifty-eight healthy, young adults performed 5 repetitions of a single right leg squat to maximal depth while keeping their balance. Kinematic data were obtained using an optical motion capture system. At the hip, greater adduction and greater internal rotation were observed in females than in males. Females had more extended spines and less outward bended knees throughout the SLS than did men. In males, squat depth was significantly, positively correlated with the maximal angle of the ankle (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), the knee (r = 0.87, p < 0.001), the hip (r = 0.73, p < 0.001) and the pelvis (r = 0.40, p = 0.02) in the sagittal plane. A positive significant correlation was found between SLS depth and maximal angle of the knee (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and the ankle (r = 0.53, p = 0.01) in the sagittal plane in females. Males and females used different motor strategies at all levels of the kinematic chain during SLS.
本研究旨在比较在单腿深蹲（SLS）中每个运动平面中，有规律的体育活动的女性和男性在脊柱、骨盆和下肢关节峰值角度方面的差异。第二个目的是研究女性和男性的运动学与 SLS 深度之间的关系。58 名健康的年轻成年人在保持平衡的情况下，用右腿重复进行 5 次最大深度的单腿深蹲。使用光学运动捕捉系统获得运动学数据。在髋关节处，女性的内收角度和内旋角度大于男性。与男性相比，女性在整个 SLS 过程中脊柱伸展得更大，膝盖向外弯曲得更少。在男性中，深蹲深度与踝关节（r = 0.60，p < 0.001）、膝关节（r = 0.87，p < 0.001）、髋关节（r = 0.73，p < 0.001）和骨盆（r = 0.40，p = 0.02）矢状面的最大角度呈显著正相关。在女性中，还发现 SLS 深度与膝关节（r = 0.88，p < 0.001）和踝关节（r = 0.53，p = 0.01）矢状面的最大角度之间存在显著正相关。在 SLS 过程中，男性和女性在运动链的各个层面使用不同的运动策略。
