Hünteler Bettina, Mulder Clara H
Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923 Cologne, Germany.
Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Landleven 1, 9747 AD Groningen, The Netherlands.
Eur J Popul. 2020 Mar 17;36(5):895-918. doi: 10.1007/s10680-020-09558-w. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Previous research on internal migration has emphasised the importance of local ties to family members outside the household, and to parents in particular. Family members who live close to an individual's place of residence represent a form of local social capital that could make migrating costlier, and therefore less likely. This idea has been empirically supported. Yet, how family ties bind remains largely unexplained. We assume that intergenerational support is a manifestation of local social capital, and that spatial proximity is needed for support to be exchanged. Thus, we used mediation analysis that includes explicit measures of support exchanges between parents and their adult-children born in 1971-1973, 1981-1983, and 1991-1993 to explain the binding effect of living close to parents. Logistic regression models of migrating a distance of more than 40 km were conducted using eight waves of the German data. Living close to one's parents was indeed found to be negatively associated with the likelihood of migration, and part of this association could be explained through intergenerational support: the more the instrumental support an adult child exchanged with her/his parent, the less likely she/he was to migrate. Receiving emotional support from the parents was associated with an increase in migration propensity. Neither giving emotional help nor receiving help with childcare functioned as mediators. It thus appears that adult children are particularly likely to value the proximity of their parents when they are exchanging instrumental support, but that the emotional bond between adult children and their parents can often be maintained over longer distances.
以往关于国内移民的研究强调了与家庭之外的家庭成员，尤其是与父母的本地联系的重要性。居住在个人居住地附近的家庭成员代表了一种本地社会资本形式，这可能会使迁移成本更高，因此迁移的可能性更小。这一观点已得到实证支持。然而，家庭关系如何产生约束作用在很大程度上仍未得到解释。我们假设代际支持是本地社会资本的一种表现形式，并且支持的交换需要空间上的接近。因此，我们使用中介分析，其中包括对1971 - 1973年、1981 - 1983年和1991 - 1993年出生的父母与成年子女之间支持交换的明确衡量，以解释与父母居住得近所产生的约束作用。利用德国的数据的八个波次，对迁移距离超过40公里的情况进行了逻辑回归模型分析。确实发现与父母居住得近与迁移可能性呈负相关，并且这种关联的一部分可以通过代际支持来解释：成年子女与父母交换的工具性支持越多，她/他迁移的可能性就越小。从父母那里获得情感支持与迁移倾向的增加有关。给予情感帮助和获得育儿帮助都没有起到中介作用。因此，成年子女在交换工具性支持时似乎特别重视与父母的亲近，但成年子女与父母之间的情感纽带通常可以在更远的距离上得以维系。
