Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Feb 2;113(2):437-445. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa288.
Lower antioxidant serum concentrations have been linked to declines in lean mass and physical function in older adults. Yet population data on the effect of dietary antioxidants on loss of muscle strength and physical function are lacking.
We sought to determine the association of antioxidant intake [vitamin C, vitamin E, and total and individual carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin)] with annualized change in grip strength and gait speed in adults from the Framingham Offspring study.
This prospective cohort study included participants with a valid FFQ at the index examination and up to 2 prior examinations and at ≥2 measures of primary outcomes: grip strength (n = 2452) and/or gait speed (n = 2422) measured over 3 subsequent examinations. Annualized change in grip strength (kg/y) and change in gait speed (m/s/y) over the follow-up period were used. Linear regression was used to calculate β coefficients and P values, adjusting for covariates.
Mean ± SD age of participants was 61 ± 9 y (range: 33-88 y). Median intakes (IQR, mg/d) of vitamin C, vitamin E, and total carotenoid across available examinations were 209.2 (133.1-394.2), 27.1 (7.4-199.0), and 15.3 (10.4-21.3), respectively. The mean follow-up time was ∼12 ± 2 y (range: 4.5-15.4 y). In the sex-combined sample, higher intakes of total carotenoids, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin were associated with increased annualized change in grip strength [β (SE) per 10-mg higher intake/d, range: 0.0316 (0.0146) to 0.1223 (0.0603) kg/y)]. All antioxidants except for vitamin C were associated with faster gait speed [β (SE) per 10-mg higher intake/d, range: 0.00008 (0.00004) to 0.0187 (0.0081) m/s/y].
Higher antioxidant intake was associated with increase in grip strength and faster gait speed in this cohort of adults. This finding highlights the need for a randomized controlled trial of dietary antioxidants and their effect on muscle strength and physical function.
较低的抗氧化剂血清浓度与老年人瘦体重和身体功能下降有关。然而，关于饮食抗氧化剂对肌肉力量和身体功能丧失的影响的人群数据尚缺乏。
我们旨在确定抗氧化剂摄入量（维生素 C、维生素 E 和总类胡萝卜素及各单体[α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、β-隐黄质、番茄红素和叶黄素+玉米黄质]）与弗雷明汉后代研究中成年人握力和步态速度年化变化的相关性。
这项前瞻性队列研究纳入了在基线检查时、之前 2 次检查时和至少 2 次主要结局（握力[n=2452]和/或步态速度[n=2422]）测量中有有效 FFQ 的参与者，随访时间至少 3 次检查。使用线性回归计算握力（kg/y）和步态速度（m/s/y）的年化变化率。调整协变量后计算β系数和 P 值。
参与者的平均年龄±标准差为 61±9 岁（范围：33-88 岁）。在所有可获得的检查中，维生素 C、维生素 E 和总类胡萝卜素的中位数（IQR，mg/d）分别为 209.2（133.1-394.2）、27.1（7.4-199.0）和 15.3（10.4-21.3）。平均随访时间约为 12±2 年（范围：4.5-15.4 年）。在男女混合样本中，总类胡萝卜素、番茄红素和叶黄素+玉米黄质摄入量较高与握力的年化变化增加相关[每增加 10mg/d 的摄入量，范围为 0.0316（0.0146）至 0.1223（0.0603）kg/y]。除维生素 C 以外的所有抗氧化剂均与步态速度加快相关[每增加 10mg/d 的摄入量，范围为 0.00008（0.00004）至 0.0187（0.0081）m/s/y]。
在本成年队列中，较高的抗氧化剂摄入量与握力增加和步态速度加快相关。这一发现强调了需要进行饮食抗氧化剂及其对肌肉力量和身体功能影响的随机对照试验。
