Waldschmidt J, Ribbe R, Weineck J
Kinderchirurgische Abteilung, FU Berlin im Klinikum Steglitz.
Z Kinderchir. 1987 Oct;42(5):271-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1075601.
Maldevelopment of the embryonal branchial arches may result in widely different cervical midline and ear anomalies. It should generally not be difficult and clinically feasible to diagnose them and differentiate them against other diseases if one is conversant with the associated special embryological and anatomical features. Nevertheless, false diagnoses are still frequent. The rate of diagnostic errors is almost 20% in our own 318 child patients with swellings in the cervical midline. Hence, it is easy to understand why there is a demand for widening the scope of preoperative diagnosis. Sonography offers a highly effective imaging examination technique. Additional information can also be gained occasionally via CT and angiography. We can, however, usually omit punctures and x-ray imaging of fistulas.
胚胎鳃弓发育异常可能导致广泛不同的颈部中线和耳部畸形。如果熟悉相关的特殊胚胎学和解剖学特征，一般来说诊断这些畸形并将其与其他疾病区分开来并不困难，在临床上也是可行的。然而，误诊仍然很常见。在我们自己的318例颈部中线肿胀的儿童患者中，诊断错误率几乎达到20%。因此，很容易理解为什么需要扩大术前诊断的范围。超声检查提供了一种高效的成像检查技术。偶尔也可以通过CT和血管造影获得额外信息。然而，我们通常可以省略瘘管的穿刺和X线成像。
