Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Curr Pharm Des. 2021;27(34):3591-3601. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666201112144006.
Neurodegeneration is a multifactorial process involved the different cytotoxic pathways that lead to neuronal cell death. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a persistent neurodegenerative disorder that normally has a steady onset and gradually worsens. Neuropathology, AD is characterized by the presence of neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant defense as well as increased acetylcholinesterase activity. Moreover, enhanced expression of amyloid precursor proteins leads to neural apoptosis, which has a vital role in the degeneration of neurons. The inability of commercial therapeutics to treat a single feature of AD pathology leads to the attraction towards organic drugs. Ellagic acid is a dimer of gallic acid; latest studies revealed that ellagic acid can initiate numerous cell signaling transmissions and decrease the progression of neurodegeneration. The neuroprotective effects of ellagic acid to protect the neurons against neurodegenerative events are due to its antioxidant effect, iron chelating, and mitochondrial protective effect. The main goal of this review is to critically analyze the molecular mechanism of action of ellagic acid against AD.
神经退行性变是一个涉及多种细胞毒性途径的多因素过程，这些途径导致神经元细胞死亡。阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种持续的神经退行性疾病，通常发病稳定且逐渐恶化。神经病理学上，AD 的特征是存在神经炎症、线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激增加、抗氧化防御能力下降以及乙酰胆碱酯酶活性增加。此外，淀粉样前体蛋白的表达增强导致神经细胞凋亡，这在神经元变性中起着至关重要的作用。由于商业疗法无法治疗 AD 病理学的单一特征，因此人们对有机药物产生了兴趣。鞣花酸是没食子酸的二聚体；最新研究表明，鞣花酸可以引发多种细胞信号转导，并减缓神经退行性变的进展。鞣花酸通过抗氧化作用、铁螯合作用和线粒体保护作用来保护神经元免受神经退行性事件的影响，从而发挥神经保护作用。本综述的主要目的是批判性地分析鞣花酸对 AD 的作用机制。
