脑癌发病率和死亡率与人类发展指数（HDI）之间的关系：一项生态学研究。
The association between incidence and mortality of brain cancer and human development index (HDI): an ecological study.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2020 Nov 12;20(1):1696. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09838-4.
BACKGROUND
Brain cancer is a rare and deadly malignancy with a low survival rate. The present study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of brain cancer and its relationship with the human development index (HDI) worldwide.
METHODS
This is an ecological study. The data on cancer incidence and cancer mortality was extracted from the World Bank for Cancer in 2018 (GLOBOCAN 2018). The incidence, mortality rate, and brain cancer distribution maps were drawn for different countries. We used correlation and regression tests to examine the association of incidence and mortality rates of brain cancer with HDI. The statistical analysis was carried out by Stata-14 and a significance level of 0.05 was considered.
RESULTS
According to the results of Global Cancer Registry in 2018, there were 18,078,957 registered cases of cancer in both sexes, of which 29,681 were related to brain cancer. The highest incidence (102,260 cases, 34.4%) and mortality (77,815 cases, 32.3%) belonged to very high HDI regions. Results showed that incidence (r = 0.690, P < 0.0001) and mortality rates (r = 0.629, P < 0.001) of brain cancer are significantly correlated with HDI. We also observed a positive correlation between brain cancer incidence and Gross National Income (GNI) (r = 0.346, P < 0.001), Mean Years of Schooling (MYS) (r = 0.64, P < 0.001), TABLE (LEB) (r = 0.66, P < 0.001) and Expected Years of Schooling (EYS) (r = 0.667, P < 0.001). Results also revealed that mortality rate was significantly correlated with GNI (r = 0.28, P < 0.01), MYS (r = 0.591, P < 0.01), LEB (r = 0.624, P < 0.01), and EYS (r = 0.605, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The results of the study showed that the incidence and mortality of brain cancer in countries with higher HDI levels is higher than countries with lower HDI levels, so attention to risk factors and action to reduce it in countries with higher HDI levels in controlling this cancer in this Countries are effective.
背景
脑癌是一种罕见且致命的恶性肿瘤，生存率较低。本研究旨在评估全球脑癌的流行病学及其与人类发展指数（HDI）的关系。
方法
这是一项生态学研究。癌症发病率和死亡率数据来自世界银行 2018 年癌症数据库（GLOBOCAN 2018）。为不同国家绘制了癌症发病率、死亡率和脑癌分布图。我们使用相关和回归检验来检查脑癌发病率和死亡率与 HDI 的关联。统计分析采用 Stata-14 进行，显著性水平设为 0.05。
结果
根据 2018 年全球癌症登记处的数据，男女两性癌症登记病例为 18078957 例，其中与脑癌相关的病例为 29681 例。发病率最高（102260 例，占 34.4%）和死亡率最高（77815 例，占 32.3%）的地区是人类发展指数非常高的地区。结果表明，脑癌发病率（r=0.690，P<0.0001）和死亡率（r=0.629，P<0.001）与 HDI 显著相关。我们还观察到脑癌发病率与国民总收入（GNI）（r=0.346，P<0.001）、平均受教育年限（MYS）（r=0.64，P<0.001）、总生育率（LEB）（r=0.66，P<0.001）和期望受教育年限（EYS）（r=0.667，P<0.001）呈正相关。结果还表明，死亡率与 GNI（r=0.28，P<0.01）、MYS（r=0.591，P<0.01）、LEB（r=0.624，P<0.01）和 EYS（r=0.605，P<0.01）显著相关。
结论
研究结果表明，人类发展指数较高国家的脑癌发病率和死亡率高于人类发展指数较低国家，因此，在这些国家，关注高危因素并采取行动降低高危因素，对于控制这些国家的脑癌具有重要意义。
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