Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA.
Adv Ther. 2021 Jan;38(1):76-89. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01554-0. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Non-pharmacologic alternative therapies for pain have been around for a long time, some for hundreds of years. They have been used throughout history to treat many issues.
Currently, alternative medicine is most frequently used to treat musculoskeletal pain, and between 59 and 90% of patients utilizing alternative therapies for chronic pain claimed they were helpful and can serve as an effective adjunctive for the treatment of chronic pain. Some examples of alternative therapies that will be discussed in this review include acupuncture, tai chi, osteopathic manipulation, and chiropractic care. Acupuncture, traditionally a Chinese practice, is becoming more popular across the world to attempt to relieve pain. It involves the placement of thin needles at various points in the body. The efficacy of acupuncture for pain is heavily debated. More research and discussion are necessary to determine the exact role it plays in the treatment of chronic pain. Tai chi is also a traditional Chinese practice that is often used as a form of meditation and for potential health benefits. Tai chi involves a series of complex movements such as squatting combined with deep breathing to achieve relaxation and pain reduction. Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) is a technique used by both osteopathic physicians (DO) as well as other health professionals to manage a wide range of conditions in any given patient. The technique involves utilization and manipulation of the musculoskeletal system to achieve potential health benefits. OMT has been used as therapy for many issues but is commonly used for pain conditions. Alternative therapies may serve as an effective adjunctive treatment modality for the management of chronic pain conditions. There has been a tremendous amount of research dictating the effectiveness of alternative therapies for chronic pain management. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive evidence-based update of alternative therapy used for the management of chronic pain conditions.
替代疗法（非药物疗法）治疗疼痛由来已久，有些疗法已经存在数百年了。历史上，替代疗法被广泛用于治疗各种问题。
目前，替代医学最常用于治疗肌肉骨骼疼痛，接受替代疗法治疗慢性疼痛的患者中有 59%至 90%声称这些疗法对他们有帮助，可以作为治疗慢性疼痛的有效辅助手段。在本篇综述中，我们将讨论一些替代疗法，例如针灸、太极、整骨疗法和脊椎按摩疗法。传统的中国针灸技术在世界范围内越来越受欢迎，人们试图用它来缓解疼痛。针灸是将细针放置在身体的不同部位。针灸治疗疼痛的疗效存在很大争议。需要进一步的研究和讨论，以确定它在治疗慢性疼痛中的确切作用。太极也是一种传统的中国练习，通常被用作冥想和潜在的健康益处。太极涉及一系列复杂的动作，如深蹲和深呼吸，以达到放松和减轻疼痛的效果。整骨疗法（OMT）是一种由整骨医生（DO）和其他健康专业人员使用的技术，用于治疗任何给定患者的各种疾病。该技术涉及利用和操纵肌肉骨骼系统来获得潜在的健康益处。整骨疗法已被用作多种疾病的治疗方法，但常用于治疗疼痛疾病。替代疗法可能是治疗慢性疼痛疾病的有效辅助治疗方法。大量研究已经证明了替代疗法治疗慢性疼痛管理的有效性。本篇综述的目的是提供替代疗法治疗慢性疼痛疾病的综合循证更新。
