Spencer H C, Kaseje D C, Sempebwa E K, Huong A Y, Roberts J M
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Clinical Research Centre, Nairobi.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1987 Apr;81 Suppl 1:83-9. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1987.11812192.
To determine the effects of chloroquine phosphate (300 mg base weekly) chemoprophylaxis for malaria provided by volunteer village health helpers (VHH's), pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Saradidi, Kenya, were examined each month. Parasitaemia, haemoglobin level, and the presence of urinary 4-aminoquinolines were determined at each visit. The age composition and parity of women taking chemoprophylaxis were not statistically significantly different from those of the other women. A total of 104 (29.1%) of 357 pregnant women from 23 villages where chemprophylaxis was provided by VHH's said they were taking it. Women 30 to 44 years of age (43.9%) of 82) were more often taking prophylaxis than those younger (25.1% of 271) (P less than 0.0005). An additional 573 pregnant women to whom regular chemoprophylaxis was not provided from 33 control villages were also examined at least once. When compared with those from women not taking prophylaxis, blood samples from pregnant women on antimalarial prophylaxis had lower parasite rates (17.7% of 265 compared with 26.2% of 1700, P less than 0.005), higher haemoglobin levels (59.1% of 127 were greater than or equal to 10.0 g l-1 compared with 49.7% of 1111, P less than 0.05), and a higher mean haemoglobin level (9.95 g dl-1 compared with 9.62, P = 0.019) and urine samples were more often positive for 4-aminoquinolines (15.7% of 255 compared with 8.3% of 1656, P less than 0.0005). For women with two or more parasitologic samples, 69.6% of 79 pregnant women on prophylaxis had no parasites found on any visit compared with 51.6% of 516 women not on chemoprophylaxis (P less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
为了确定由乡村志愿卫生工作者（VHH）提供的磷酸氯喹（碱基300毫克/周）预防疟疾的效果，对肯尼亚萨拉迪迪产前诊所的孕妇每月进行检查。每次就诊时测定寄生虫血症、血红蛋白水平以及尿液中4-氨基喹啉的存在情况。接受预防用药的妇女的年龄构成和胎次与其他妇女相比，在统计学上无显著差异。在由VHH提供预防用药的23个村庄的357名孕妇中，共有104名（29.1%）表示她们正在服用该药。30至44岁的妇女（82名中的43.9%）比年轻妇女（271名中的25.1%）更常服用预防药（P<0.0005）。还对来自33个对照村庄未接受常规预防用药的另外573名孕妇至少进行了一次检查。与未服用预防药的妇女相比，接受抗疟疾预防用药的孕妇的血样寄生虫率较低（265名中的17.7%，而1700名中的26.2%，P<0.005），血红蛋白水平较高（127名中的59.1%大于或等于10.0 g l-1，而1111名中的49.7%，P<0.05），平均血红蛋白水平较高（9.95 g dl-1，而9.62，P = 0.019），并且尿样中4-氨基喹啉的阳性率更高（255名中的15.7%，而1656名中的8.3%，P<0.0005）。对于有两份或更多份寄生虫学样本的妇女，79名接受预防用药的孕妇中有69.6%在任何一次就诊时均未发现寄生虫，而516名未接受预防用药的妇女中这一比例为51.6%（P<0.005）。（摘要截断于250字）
