Zarattini Marco, Farjad Mahsa, Launay Alban, Cannella David, Soulié Marie-Christine, Bernacchia Giovanni, Fagard Mathilde
Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France.
PhotoBioCatalysis Unit - Crop Production and Biostimulation Lab (CPBL), Interfaculty School of Bioengineers, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP150, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, Brussels, Belgium.
J Exp Bot. 2021 Feb 24;72(4):1020-1033. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa531.
Current environmental and climate changes are having a pronounced influence on the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions, further highlighting the fact that abiotic stresses strongly affect biotic interactions at various levels. For instance, physiological parameters such as plant architecture and tissue organization together with primary and specialized metabolism are affected by environmental constraints, and these combine to make an individual plant either a more or less suitable host for a given pathogen. In addition, abiotic stresses can affect the timely expression of plant defense and pathogen virulence. Indeed, several studies have shown that variations in temperature, and in water and mineral nutrient availability affect the expression of plant defense genes. The expression of virulence genes, known to be crucial for disease outbreak, is also affected by environmental conditions, potentially modifying existing pathosystems and paving the way for emerging pathogens. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on the impact of abiotic stress on biotic interactions at the transcriptional level in both the plant and the pathogen side of the interaction. We also perform a metadata analysis of four different combinations of abiotic and biotic stresses, which identifies 197 common modulated genes with strong enrichment in Gene Ontology terms related to defense . We also describe the multistress-specific responses of selected defense-related genes.
当前的环境和气候变化对植物与病原体相互作用的结果产生了显著影响，进一步凸显了非生物胁迫在各个层面上强烈影响生物相互作用这一事实。例如，诸如植物形态结构和组织构成等生理参数，连同初级代谢和特殊代谢，都会受到环境限制的影响，而这些因素共同作用，使得一株植物对于某一特定病原体而言，要么更适宜作为宿主，要么不太适宜。此外，非生物胁迫会影响植物防御和病原体毒力的适时表达。事实上，多项研究表明，温度变化以及水分和矿质养分的可利用性会影响植物防御基因的表达。已知对病害爆发至关重要的毒力基因的表达，同样会受到环境条件的影响，这有可能改变现有的病理系统，并为新出现的病原体开辟道路。在本综述中，我们总结了目前关于非生物胁迫在植物与病原体相互作用中，对转录水平上生物相互作用影响的认识。我们还对非生物胁迫和生物胁迫的四种不同组合进行了元数据分析，确定了197个共同调控的基因，这些基因在与防御相关的基因本体术语中高度富集。我们还描述了选定的防御相关基因的多胁迫特异性反应。
