Xu Huadong, Mao Yu, Hu Yanan, Xu Bucai
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
Environ Res. 2021 Jul;198:110450. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110450. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Perfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) are widely detected in the environment and human body, and they have been linked to asthma and a number of respiratory responses in children and mice. However, no previous studies have investigated the association between exposure to PFCs and airway inflammation in adults.
To evaluate the associations between serum PFCs and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), a biomarker of airway inflammation, in adults.
A cross-sectional study of 3630 adults aged 20-79 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2007-2012) was conducted. Serum concentrations of five major PFCs were measured using SPE-HPLC-TIS-MS/MS method, including perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDE). The detection rates of them were all >85%. Weighted multivariable linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analyses were applied to examine the associations between serum PFCs and FeNO.
After adjusted for potential confounding factors, linear regression analyses found that compared with their lowest tertiles, highest tertiles of PFOS, PFDE and PFOA were significantly associated with 5.02% (95% CI: 1.40%, 8.77%), 3.77% (95% CI: 0.30%, 7.36%) and 6.34% (95% CI: 2.81%, 10.01%) increases in FeNO, respectively. The second tertile of PFNA was significantly correlated with a 4.79% (95% CI: 1.41%, 8.29%) increase in FeNO compared with the lowest tertile. In the BKMR analysis, the mixture effect of PFCs on FeNO increased significantly when the PFC levels were at or above the 60th percentiles compared to those at their medians. PFOS and PFOA displayed significant positive single-exposure effects on FeNO when all the other PFCs are set at a particular threshold.
This study provided preliminary evidence that serum PFCs were positively associated with increased FeNO in adults.
全氟烷基化合物（PFCs）在环境和人体中广泛存在，且与儿童和小鼠的哮喘及多种呼吸道反应有关。然而，此前尚无研究调查PFCs暴露与成人气道炎症之间的关联。
评估成人血清PFCs与呼出一氧化氮分数（FeNO，一种气道炎症生物标志物）之间的关联。
对参加2007 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的3630名20 - 79岁成年人进行了横断面研究。采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（SPE-HPLC-TIS-MS/MS）测定血清中五种主要PFCs的浓度，包括全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟癸酸（PFDE）。它们的检出率均>85%。采用加权多变量线性回归和贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）分析来研究血清PFCs与FeNO之间的关联。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，线性回归分析发现，与最低三分位数相比，PFOS、PFDE和PFOA的最高三分位数分别与FeNO升高5.02%（95%CI：1.40%，8.77%）、3.77%（95%CI：0.30%，7.36%）和6.34%（95%CI：2.81%，10.01%）显著相关。与最低三分位数相比，PFNA的第二三分位数与FeNO升高4.79%（95%CI：1.41%，8.29%）显著相关。在BKMR分析中，与中位数水平相比，当PFCs水平处于或高于第60百分位数时，PFCs对FeNO的混合效应显著增加。当将所有其他PFCs设定在特定阈值时，PFOS和PFOA对FeNO显示出显著的单一暴露正效应。
本研究提供了初步证据，表明成人血清PFCs与FeNO升高呈正相关。
