Liver Disease Department, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Nursing Department, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2021 Feb;15(1):8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2020.11.001. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Symptom experience after liver transplantation (LT) provides healthcare professionals with important information about the benefits and limitations of LT from patients' perspective. This study aims to explore the multidimensional symptom experience and analyze related predictive factors in LT recipients.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the occurrence, frequency, intensity, and level of distress of 40 symptoms in 265 LT recipients. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to analyze the influencing factors of symptom experience.
The analysis of patient-reported data indicated that the ten most common symptoms were fatigue (42.3%), frequent sleep interruptions (38.9%), difficulty falling asleep (35.9%), decreased memory (34.0%), dreaminess (29.8%), itch (28.7%), muscular weakness (26.4%), shortness of breath (25.3%), anxiety (24.5%), and hand tremor (21.9%). Patients were classified into four groups according to survival time (1-month, 2-6-month, 7-12-month, and >1-year groups) after LT, and the most common symptom was fatigue in the one-month and 2-6-month groups, difficulty falling asleep in the 7-12-month group, and decreased memory in the >1-year group. Type of the primary caregiver, complications, concerns about the decreased ability to perform household and outdoor activities, and concerns about being a burden to the family were predictors of symptoms burden.
LT recipients experienced complicated symptoms. In clinical practice, it is critical to integrate physicians, nurses, and social workers as a medical team to help LT recipients develop suitable coping strategies that can potentially address patients' concerns, increase the sense of confidence, and improve symptom outcomes.
肝移植（LT）后的症状体验为医疗保健专业人员提供了有关 LT 从患者角度带来的益处和局限性的重要信息。本研究旨在探讨 LT 受者的多维症状体验，并分析相关的预测因素。
本横断面研究评估了 265 名 LT 受者 40 种症状的发生、频率、强度和困扰程度。采用逐步多元回归分析来分析症状体验的影响因素。
对患者报告数据的分析表明，十种最常见的症状是疲劳（42.3%）、频繁的睡眠中断（38.9%）、入睡困难（35.9%）、记忆力减退（34.0%）、多梦（29.8%）、瘙痒（28.7%）、肌肉无力（26.4%）、呼吸急促（25.3%）、焦虑（24.5%）和手震颤（21.9%）。根据 LT 后生存时间（1 个月、2-6 个月、7-12 个月和>1 年组）将患者分为四组，最常见的症状是 1 个月和 2-6 个月组的疲劳，7-12 个月组的入睡困难，>1 年组的记忆力减退。主要照顾者的类型、并发症、对日常生活和户外活动能力下降的担忧、以及对成为家庭负担的担忧是症状负担的预测因素。
LT 受者经历了复杂的症状。在临床实践中，整合医生、护士和社会工作者作为一个医疗团队至关重要，以帮助 LT 受者制定合适的应对策略，这可能会解决患者的担忧，增强信心，并改善症状结果。
