State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Mar 15;760:143383. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143383. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
Due to the geographical circumstances, the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE) and the adjacent East China Sea are extensively influenced by both anthropogenic activities and environmental factors. To reveal the responses of microbes in surface sediment to environmental factors and their contributions to the biogeochemical cycle in this area, surface sediment and overlying water samples were collected at 21 stations from the estuary to the coastal region. Water and sediment parameters were determined, and 16S rRNA genes of microbes in sediment samples were sequenced using high throughput sequencing technology. The results indicated that ocean currents, sediment density (SD), nutrients, sulfate (SO), and salinity were the key factors shaping the microbial communities. Coastal microbes were affected mainly by SD, whereas anthropogenic discharge might have been responsible for a decrease in indigenous microbial diversity in the ocean. Due to the anthropogenic discharge, the most representative bacteria in the nearshore were aerobic and chemoheterotrophic bacteria, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and polyphosphate accumulating organisms. In the offshore, anaerobic bacteria, thermophilic bacteria, halophilic bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and sulfide oxidizing bacteria were the dominant bacteria, and these were characterized by strong solidarity and cooperative properties within the malnourished environment. In summary, these results provide a new perspective for revealing the biogeochemical significance of the bacterial lineages in the YRE, as well as constructive guidance for the management of the marginal sea ecosystems in distinct regions.
由于地理位置的原因，长江口（YRE）及其毗邻的东海受到人为活动和环境因素的广泛影响。为了揭示表层沉积物中微生物对环境因素的响应及其对该地区生物地球化学循环的贡献，在河口至沿海地区的 21 个站位采集了表层沉积物和上覆水样品。测定了水和沉积物参数，并使用高通量测序技术对沉积物样品中的微生物 16S rRNA 基因进行了测序。结果表明，海流、沉积物密度（SD）、营养物质、硫酸盐（SO）和盐度是塑造微生物群落的关键因素。沿海微生物主要受 SD 影响，而人为排放可能导致海洋中土著微生物多样性下降。由于人为排放，近岸地区最具代表性的细菌是好氧和异养细菌，包括氨氧化菌、亚硝酸盐氧化菌、反硝化菌和聚磷酸盐积累菌。在近海地区，厌氧细菌、嗜热细菌、嗜盐细菌、硫酸盐还原菌和硫化物氧化菌是优势细菌，它们在营养不良的环境中具有很强的团结和协作特性。总之，这些结果为揭示长江口细菌谱系的生物地球化学意义提供了新的视角，并为不同区域边缘海生态系统的管理提供了建设性的指导。
