Li Chenghai, Zhao Hua, Wang Bin
Stem Cell Program of Clinical Research Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
Reproductive Medicine Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
Transl Oncol. 2021 Jan;14(1):100948. doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100948. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
While a large and growing body of research has demonstrated that mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) play a dual role in tumor growth and inhibition, studies exploring the capability of MSCs to contribute to tumorigenesis are rare. MSCs are key players during tumorigenesis and cancer development, evident in their faculty to increase cancer stem cells (CSCs) population, to generate the precursors of certain forms of cancer (e.g. sarcoma), and to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition to create the CSC-like state. Indeed, the origin and localization of the native MSCs in their original tissues are not known. MSCs are identified in the primary tumor sites and the fetal and extraembryonic tissues. Acknowledging the developmental origin of MSCs and tissue-resident native MSCs is essential for better understanding of MSC contributions to the cellular origin of cancer. This review stresses that the plasticity of MSCs can therefore instigate further risk in select therapeutic strategies for some patients with certain forms of cancer. Towards this end, to explore the safe and effective MSC-based anti-cancer therapies requires a strong understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of MSC action, ultimately guiding new strategies for delivering treatment. While clinical trial efforts using MSC products are currently underway, this review also provides new insights on the underlying mechanisms of MSCs to tumorigenesis and focuses on the approaches to develop MSC-based anti-cancer therapeutic applications.
虽然大量且不断增加的研究表明间充质干细胞（MSCs）在肿瘤生长和抑制中发挥双重作用，但探索MSCs促成肿瘤发生能力的研究却很少。MSCs是肿瘤发生和癌症发展过程中的关键参与者，这在它们增加癌症干细胞（CSCs）数量、产生某些形式癌症（如肉瘤）的前体以及诱导上皮-间质转化以形成CSC样状态的能力中得以体现。事实上，原生MSCs在其原始组织中的起源和定位尚不清楚。在原发性肿瘤部位以及胎儿和胚外组织中可识别出MSCs。认识到MSCs的发育起源和组织驻留原生MSCs对于更好地理解MSCs对癌症细胞起源的贡献至关重要。本综述强调，MSCs的可塑性因此可能会给某些形式癌症的部分患者的特定治疗策略带来进一步风险。为此，要探索安全有效的基于MSCs的抗癌疗法，需要深入了解MSCs作用的细胞和分子机制，最终指导新的治疗策略。虽然目前正在进行使用MSCs产品的临床试验，但本综述也提供了关于MSCs致瘤的潜在机制的新见解，并重点关注开发基于MSCs的抗癌治疗应用的方法。
