Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2021 Feb;44(2):97-109. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.003. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Complement proteins are ancient components of innate immunity that have emerged as crucial regulators of neural networks. We discuss these roles in the context of the CNS development, acute CNS viral infections, and post-infectious and noninfectious CNS disorders, with an emphasis on microglia-mediated loss of synapses. Despite extensive examples that implicate classical complement proteins and their receptors in CNS dysfunction, recent data suggest that they exert neuroprotective roles in CNS homeostasis through continued refinement of synaptic connections. Thorough understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes may lead to novel targets for the treatment of CNS diseases involving aberrant complement-mediated synapse loss.
补体蛋白是先天免疫的古老成分，已成为神经网络的关键调节因子。我们将在中枢神经系统发育、急性中枢神经系统病毒感染以及感染后和非感染性中枢神经系统疾病的背景下讨论这些作用，重点是小胶质细胞介导的突触丧失。尽管有大量的例子表明经典补体蛋白及其受体与中枢神经系统功能障碍有关，但最近的数据表明，它们通过不断完善突触连接，在中枢神经系统稳态中发挥神经保护作用。深入了解这些过程中涉及的机制可能会为治疗涉及异常补体介导的突触丧失的中枢神经系统疾病提供新的靶点。
