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“如今只是旧习与痛苦”——理解新冠疫情对当前或曾患饮食失调症患者的影响:一项定性研究

"Now It's Just Old Habits and Misery"-Understanding the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on People With Current or Life-Time Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Study.

作者信息

McCombie Catherine, Austin Amelia, Dalton Bethan, Lawrence Vanessa, Schmidt Ulrike

机构信息

Department of Health Services and Population Research, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom.

Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom.

出版信息

Front Psychiatry. 2020 Oct 27;11:589225. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.589225. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Many aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic may make living with or recovery from an eating disorder (ED) particularly challenging. Understanding the processes which underlie the psychological and behavioral responses of people with EDs during this time are key to ensure tailored support in these unprecedented circumstances. People with lifetime EDs ( = 32) were recruited through social media from May to June 2020 during a period of strict infection control measures in the United Kingdom (i.e., "lockdown," "social distancing"). They completed open-ended questions in an online anonymous questionnaire that invited them to reflect on how various aspects of their lives have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, including ED symptoms and coping strategies. Responses were analyzed using thematic analysis. Most respondents reported that their ED worsened or resurfaced. Isolation, low mood, anxiety, lack of structure, disruption to routines, and media/social media messages around weight and exercise seemed to contribute to this. There was a clear sense that individuals struggled with which aspects of psychological distress to prioritize, i.e., mood vs. ED cognitions and behaviors, particularly as attempts to cope with one often exacerbated the other. Nonetheless, some participants reported "silver linings" of the pandemic. In this self-selected sample, deterioration or recurrence of ED symptoms were the norm. This has implications for the provision of treatment and care for people with EDs both in the immediate short-term and in potential future waves of the pandemic, with a significant surge of new and re-referrals expected.

摘要

新冠疫情的诸多方面可能会使饮食失调患者的生活及康复变得格外具有挑战性。了解饮食失调患者在此期间心理和行为反应背后的过程,是确保在这些前所未有的情况下提供量身定制支持的关键。2020年5月至6月,在英国实施严格感染控制措施(即“封锁”“社交距离”)期间,通过社交媒体招募了患有终生饮食失调症的患者(n = 32)。他们在一份在线匿名问卷中回答了开放式问题,问卷邀请他们思考自己生活的各个方面如何受到新冠疫情的影响,包括饮食失调症状和应对策略。采用主题分析法对回答进行了分析。大多数受访者报告称他们的饮食失调症恶化或复发。隔离、情绪低落、焦虑、缺乏条理、日常活动被打乱,以及围绕体重和锻炼的媒体/社交媒体信息似乎都导致了这种情况。很明显,个体在确定心理困扰的哪些方面应优先处理时感到挣扎,即情绪与饮食失调认知及行为之间的权衡,尤其是因为试图应对其中一个方面往往会加剧另一个方面。尽管如此,一些参与者报告了疫情带来的“一线希望”。在这个自我选择的样本中,饮食失调症状的恶化或复发是常态。这对在疫情当前的短期以及未来可能出现的疫情浪潮中为饮食失调患者提供治疗和护理具有启示意义,预计新转诊和再次转诊的人数将大幅增加。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b517/7653176/09698a175db5/fpsyt-11-589225-g0001.jpg

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