Doma Kenji, Devantier-Thomas Baily, Gahreman Daniel, Connor Jonathan
College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2022 Oct;92(5-6):448-468. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000689. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of selected root plants (curcumin, ginseng, ginger and garlic) on markers of muscle damage and muscular performance measures following muscle-damaging protocols. We included 25 studies (parallel and crossover design) with 353 participants and used the PEDro scale to appraise each study. Forest plots were generated to report on standardised mean differences (SMD) and p-values at 24 and 48 hours following the muscle-damaging protocols. The meta-analysis showed that the supplemental (SUPP) condition showed significantly lower levels of indirect muscle damage markers (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and myoglobin) and muscle soreness at 24 hours and 48 hours (p < 0.01) than the placebo (PLA) condition. The inflammatory markers were significantly lower for the SUPP condition than the PLA condition at 24 hours (p = 0.02), although no differences were identified at 48 hours (p = 0.40). There were no significant differences in muscular performance measures between the SUPP and PLA conditions at 24 hours and 48 hours (p > 0.05) post-exercise. According to our qualitative data, a number of studies reported a reduction in oxidative stress (e.g., malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase) with a concomitant upregulation of anti-oxidant status, although other studies showed no effects. Accordingly, selected root plants minimised the level of several biomarkers of muscle damage, inflammation and muscle soreness during periods of exercise-induced muscle damage. However, the benefits of these supplements in ameliorating oxidative stress, increasing anti-oxidant status and accelerating recovery of muscular performance appears equivocal, warranting further research in these outcome measures.
本系统评价和荟萃分析研究了特定根茎类植物（姜黄素、人参、生姜和大蒜）对肌肉损伤方案后肌肉损伤标志物和肌肉性能指标的影响。我们纳入了25项研究（平行设计和交叉设计），共353名参与者，并使用PEDro量表对每项研究进行评估。绘制森林图以报告肌肉损伤方案后24小时和48小时的标准化平均差（SMD）和p值。荟萃分析表明，与安慰剂（PLA）组相比，补充（SUPP）组在24小时和48小时时间接肌肉损伤标志物（肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶和肌红蛋白）水平和肌肉酸痛程度显著更低（p<0.01）。SUPP组的炎症标志物在24小时时显著低于PLA组（p=0.02），但在48小时时未发现差异（p=0.40）。运动后24小时和48小时，SUPP组和PLA组在肌肉性能指标方面无显著差异（p>0.05）。根据我们的定性数据，一些研究报告氧化应激（如丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶）有所降低，同时抗氧化状态上调，尽管其他研究未显示有效果。因此，在运动诱导的肌肉损伤期间，特定根茎类植物可将多种肌肉损伤、炎症和肌肉酸痛生物标志物的水平降至最低。然而，这些补充剂在改善氧化应激、提高抗氧化状态和加速肌肉性能恢复方面的益处似乎并不明确，需要对这些结果指标进行进一步研究。
