Neurotrophic and anti-neuroinflammatory constituents from the aerial parts of Coriandrum sativum.

In the course of our continuing search for biologically active compounds from medicinal sources, we investigated the MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Coriandrum sativum Linn. An extended phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of C. sativum led to the isolation and identification of seven compounds (1-7) including two new isocoumarin glycosides (1-2) and a new phenolic glycoside (5). The chemical structures of the new compounds (1, 2, and 5) were elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR (H and C NMR, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) and HRESIMS data as well as by using chemical methods. All the isolates were evaluated not only for their potential neurotrophic activity by means of induction of nerve growth factor (NGF) in C6 glioma cells but also for production of nitric oxide (NO) levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine microglia BV-2 cells to assess their anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Compounds 1-3 and 7 were stimulants of NGF release, with levels of NGF stimulated at 127.23 ± 1.89%, 128.22 ± 5.45%, 121.23 ± 6.66%, and 120.94 ± 3.97%, respectively. Furthermore, the aglycones of 1 and 2 (1a and 2a) showed more potent NGF secretion activity and anti-neuroinflammatory effect than did their glycosides (1a : 130.81 ± 5.45% and 2a : 134.44 ± 5.45%).