Cell Science Research Center, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran.
Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 12;21(22):8532. doi: 10.3390/ijms21228532.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer remains one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality. A high number of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor survival rate. This is primarily attributed to the lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers and limited treatment options. Therefore, more sensitive, specific biomarkers and curative treatments are desirable. Functional proteomics as a research area in the proteomic field aims to elucidate the biological function of unknown proteins and unravel the cellular mechanisms at the molecular level. Phosphoproteomic and glycoproteomic studies have emerged as two efficient functional proteomics approaches used to identify diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, the molecular basis of disease and mechanisms underlying drug resistance in GI cancers. In this review, we present an overview on how functional proteomics may contribute to the understanding of GI cancers, namely colorectal, gastric, hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancers. Moreover, we have summarized recent methodological developments in phosphoproteomics and glycoproteomics for GI cancer studies.
胃肠道（GI）癌症仍然是发病率和死亡率的常见原因之一。大量病例在晚期被诊断出来，导致生存率低。这主要归因于缺乏可靠的诊断生物标志物和有限的治疗选择。因此，人们希望有更敏感、更特异的生物标志物和更有效的治疗方法。功能蛋白质组学作为蛋白质组学领域的一个研究领域，旨在阐明未知蛋白质的生物学功能，并在分子水平上揭示细胞机制。磷酸蛋白质组学和糖蛋白质组学研究已成为两种有效的功能蛋白质组学方法，用于鉴定诊断生物标志物、治疗靶点、疾病的分子基础以及胃肠道癌症耐药的机制。在这篇综述中，我们概述了功能蛋白质组学如何有助于理解胃肠道癌症，即结直肠癌、胃癌、肝细胞癌和胰腺癌。此外，我们还总结了近年来在胃肠道癌症研究中磷酸蛋白质组学和糖蛋白质组学的方法学进展。
