Allegra Andrea Gaetano, Mannino Federica, Innao Vanessa, Musolino Caterina, Allegra Alessandro
Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Nov 12;9(11):1116. doi: 10.3390/antiox9111116.
Radiation therapy plays a critical role in the management of a wide range of hematologic malignancies. It is well known that the post-irradiation damages both in the bone marrow and in other organs are the main causes of post-irradiation morbidity and mortality. Tumor control without producing extensive damage to the surrounding normal cells, through the use of radioprotectors, is of special clinical relevance in radiotherapy. An increasing amount of data is helping to clarify the role of oxidative stress in toxicity and therapy response. Radioprotective agents are substances that moderate the oxidative effects of radiation on healthy normal tissues while preserving the sensitivity to radiation damage in tumor cells. As well as the substances capable of carrying out a protective action against the oxidative damage caused by radiotherapy, other substances have been identified as possible enhancers of the radiotherapy and cytotoxic activity via an oxidative effect. The purpose of this review was to examine the data in the literature on the possible use of old and new substances to increase the efficacy of radiation treatment in hematological diseases and to reduce the harmful effects of the treatment.
放射治疗在多种血液系统恶性肿瘤的治疗中起着关键作用。众所周知，放疗后骨髓和其他器官的损伤是放疗后发病和死亡的主要原因。在放射治疗中，通过使用放射防护剂在不严重损害周围正常细胞的情况下实现肿瘤控制具有特殊的临床意义。越来越多的数据有助于阐明氧化应激在毒性和治疗反应中的作用。放射防护剂是一类物质，可减轻辐射对健康正常组织的氧化作用，同时保持肿瘤细胞对辐射损伤的敏感性。除了能够对放疗引起的氧化损伤起到保护作用的物质外，其他物质也被确定为可能通过氧化作用增强放疗和细胞毒性活性的物质。本综述的目的是研究文献中关于使用新旧物质提高血液系统疾病放射治疗疗效并减少治疗有害影响的数据。
