在轻度认知障碍的老年人中，自我报告和知情者报告的工具性日常生活活动能力与认知功能之间的关联。
Associations Between Self- and Informant-Reported Abilities of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Cognitive Functions in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment.
机构信息
Behavior Rehabilitation Training Research Institution, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, 967 East Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognition, Radboud University, PO. Box 9104, Nijmegen, 6500 HE, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2021 Jul 19;36(5):723-733. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acaa110.
OBJECTIVE
Older adults (OAs) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) show disabilities in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), which have been linked to compromised cognitive functioning. However, it is unclear which cognitive functions are primarily involved. The present study sought to identify the cognitive function(s) most strongly associated with the IADL limitations in MCI.
METHOD
OAs with MCI (N = 120) completed cognitive tasks measuring general cognitive processing speed, working memory (WM) maintenance and updating, inhibition, and shifting ability. IADL abilities were assessed through both self- and informant reports.
RESULTS
Self-reported IADL abilities were positively associated with both cognitive processing speed and WM updating capacity. Informant-reported IADL abilities were also positively associated with processing speed and WM updating, in addition to cognitive shifting ability.
CONCLUSION
Both general processing speed and WM updating capacity were consistently predictive of IADL abilities. These results might inform the design of training programs aimed at maintaining or improving functional independence in individuals with MCI to focus more on these cognitive functions. However, the strength of the association between specific cognitive functions and IADL abilities in OAs with MCI depends on the source of the information about the IADL abilities, which highlights the need for gathering data from both the examinee and informants.
目的
轻度认知障碍（MCI）的老年人（OAs）在工具性日常生活活动（IADLs）中表现出障碍，这与认知功能受损有关。然而，目前尚不清楚哪些认知功能与 MCI 的 IADL 限制关系最密切。本研究旨在确定与 MCI 的 IADL 限制最密切相关的认知功能。
方法
120 名患有 MCI 的老年人（OAs）完成了认知任务，这些任务测量了一般认知处理速度、工作记忆（WM）维持和更新、抑制和转换能力。通过自我报告和知情者报告评估 IADL 能力。
结果
自我报告的 IADL 能力与认知处理速度和 WM 更新能力呈正相关。知情者报告的 IADL 能力也与处理速度和 WM 更新能力呈正相关，除了认知转换能力。
结论
一般处理速度和 WM 更新能力都可以很好地预测 IADL 能力。这些结果可能会为旨在保持或提高 MCI 个体功能独立性的训练计划的设计提供信息，更多地关注这些认知功能。然而，MCI 老年人特定认知功能与 IADL 能力之间的关联强度取决于 IADL 能力信息的来源，这突出了需要从被试和知情者那里收集数据的必要性。
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