Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA.
Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Am J Hum Biol. 2021 Nov;33(6):e23538. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23538. Epub 2020 Nov 17.
Despite repeated governmental and nongovernmental interventions, anemia remains a widespread public health concern in Peru. This article examines nutritional and disease factors associated with the prevalence of anemia and response to iron supplementation in Peruvian children, with the aim of understanding the lack of success of national programs.
Data come from children, aged 2-5 years (n = 102), living in peri-urban Lima. Predictors of anemia and response to iron supplementation were explored at the individual, maternal, household, and environmental levels using logistic regression models, adjusted for clustering by household.
Half of the children in this sample were anemic and 50% of the anemic children responded to iron supplementation. We identified several factors that were associated with child anemia status and response to iron supplementation. Lower weight-for-age z-scores and the winter season were strong predictors of child anemia status and nonresponse to iron supplementation. Living with paternal grandparents was protective against anemia and elevated C-reactive protein at the time of the final interview was associated with a lack of response to iron supplementation.
The findings of this study document an association between children's anemia status and their nutritional and ecological environment, highlighting the importance of examining anemia within a specific context to better understand the factors driving this important health problem.
尽管秘鲁政府和非政府部门多次进行干预，但贫血仍然是一个广泛存在的公共卫生问题。本文研究了秘鲁儿童贫血的流行情况及其对铁补充剂的反应与营养和疾病因素之间的关系，旨在了解国家项目为何缺乏成效。
数据来自居住在利马周边城区的 102 名 2-5 岁儿童。采用逻辑回归模型，根据家庭进行分层调整，在个体、产妇、家庭和环境水平上探讨贫血和铁补充剂反应的预测因素。
本研究样本中有一半的儿童贫血，其中 50%的贫血儿童对铁补充剂有反应。我们确定了几个与儿童贫血状况和对铁补充剂反应相关的因素。体重与年龄的比值较低和冬季是儿童贫血状况和对铁补充剂无反应的强预测因素。与祖父祖母同住可预防贫血，而在最后一次访谈时 C 反应蛋白升高则与铁补充剂无反应有关。
本研究结果表明儿童贫血状况与其营养和生态环境之间存在关联，突出了在特定背景下检查贫血的重要性，以便更好地了解导致这一重要健康问题的因素。
