Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, CREA (Council for Agricultural Research and Economics), Via Ardeatina 546, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, c/Jaume Roig s/n, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 13;21(22):8562. doi: 10.3390/ijms21228562.
There is continuous and growing interest in research into new alternatives to standard biomarkers to detect and follow-up disease, reducing physical and psychological stress in patients needing regular and invasive medical examinations for the evaluation of pathologies, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Saliva is one of the most promising body fluids in the research of new biomarkers, thanks to the large number of molecules it contains. Many molecules present in saliva are often directly correlated to their concentration in the blood but may be affected by the condition of the oral cavity. This means that a careful selection of a specific biomarker is required for each pathology, especially pathologies such as IBD, which may induce inflammation in the oral cavity. Here, we analyze the currently used and the proposed new salivary biomarkers (i.e., calprotectin, cytokines, IgA, cortisol, and oxidative stress markers) for the detection and follow-up of the main subtypes of IBD, known as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
人们对研究新的替代标准生物标志物的兴趣持续增长，以检测和跟踪疾病，减轻需要定期进行侵入性医学检查以评估病理学（包括炎症性肠病[IBD]）的患者的身心压力。唾液是研究新生物标志物最有前途的体液之一，这要归功于它所含有的大量分子。唾液中存在的许多分子通常与其在血液中的浓度直接相关，但可能受到口腔状况的影响。这意味着需要为每种病理学选择特定的生物标志物，特别是像 IBD 这样的病理学，它可能会引起口腔炎症。在这里，我们分析了目前用于检测和跟踪主要 IBD 亚型（即溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病）的唾液生物标志物（即钙卫蛋白、细胞因子、IgA、皮质醇和氧化应激标志物）。
