Kitano Naruki, Kai Yuko, Jindo Takashi, Tsunoda Kenji, Arao Takashi
Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, 150 Tobuki, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0001, Japan.
Faculty of Social Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, 3-2-1 Sakurabatake, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8502, Japan.
Prev Med Rep. 2020 Sep 29;20:101213. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101213. eCollection 2020 Dec.
This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between 24-hour movement behaviors and mental health among Japanese workers, accounting for the co-dependence of time spent in different behaviors during a single day. This research is part of a prospective cohort study called the Meiji Yasuda LifeStyle study. Participants were 1095 workers in Tokyo, Japan, who underwent annual health check-ups between 2017 and 2018. Time use during workdays and non-workdays was separately evaluated. Behaviors included sleep (self-reported duration), sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (assessed with a tri-axial accelerometer). We used the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress scale to evaluate psychological distress and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale to assess work engagement as indicators for negative and positive mental health, respectively. We performed compositional logistic regression and compositional isotemporal substitution to examine associations between 24-hour movement behaviors and mental health. After controlling for potential confounders, time spent in workdays was significantly associated with higher psychological distress and lower work engagement ( < 0.05), respectively. Time spent sleeping was positively correlated with both mental health indicators, whereas time spent in SB or LPA was negatively correlated ( < 0.05). During workdays, higher psychological distress and lower work engagement were predicted to be 11.4-26.6% lower when 60 min/day of time spent sleeping were reallocated to SB or LPA. Reallocating time spent on SB or LPA to sleep during workdays may minimize psychological distress and optimize work engagement. Thus, proper time management focused on encouraging sleep may help improve workers' mental health.
这项横断面研究调查了日本上班族24小时运动行为与心理健康之间的关系，同时考虑了一天中不同行为所花费时间的相互依存性。本研究是一项名为明治安田生活方式研究的前瞻性队列研究的一部分。参与者为日本东京的1095名上班族，他们在2017年至2018年期间接受了年度健康检查。分别评估工作日和非工作日的时间使用情况。行为包括睡眠（自我报告的时长）、久坐行为（SB）、轻度身体活动（LPA）以及中度至剧烈强度身体活动（使用三轴加速度计进行评估）。我们使用六项凯斯勒心理困扰量表评估心理困扰，并用乌得勒支工作投入量表评估工作投入，分别作为负面和正面心理健康的指标。我们进行了成分逻辑回归和成分等时替代，以检验24小时运动行为与心理健康之间的关联。在控制了潜在的混杂因素后，工作日所花费的时间分别与较高的心理困扰和较低的工作投入显著相关（<0.05）。睡眠时间与这两个心理健康指标均呈正相关，而SB或LPA所花费的时间呈负相关（<0.05）。在工作日，如果将每天60分钟的睡眠时间重新分配给SB或LPA，预计较高的心理困扰和较低的工作投入将分别降低11.4 - 26.6%。在工作日将花在SB或LPA上的时间重新分配为睡眠时间，可能会将心理困扰降至最低，并优化工作投入。因此，专注于鼓励睡眠的适当时间管理可能有助于改善上班族的心理健康。
