State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Molecules. 2020 Nov 16;25(22):5342. doi: 10.3390/molecules25225342.
Astaxanthin is a natural lipid-soluble and red-orange carotenoid. Due to its strong antioxidant property, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and immune modulation, astaxanthin has gained growing interest as a multi-target pharmacological agent against various diseases. In the current review, the anti-inflammation mechanisms of astaxanthin involved in targeting for inflammatory biomarkers and multiple signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, Nrf2, NF-κB, ERK1/2, JNK, p38 MAPK, and JAK-2/STAT-3, have been described. Furthermore, the applications of anti-inflammatory effects of astaxanthin in neurological diseases, diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, hepatic and renal diseases, eye and skin disorders, are highlighted. In addition to the protective effects of astaxanthin in various chronic and acute diseases, we also summarize recent advances for the inconsistent roles of astaxanthin in infectious diseases, and give our view that the exact function of astaxanthin in response to different pathogen infection and the potential protective effects of astaxanthin in viral infectious diseases should be important research directions in the future.
虾青素是一种天然的脂溶性、红橙色类胡萝卜素。由于其强大的抗氧化、抗炎、抗凋亡和免疫调节特性，虾青素作为一种针对多种疾病的多靶点药理制剂，引起了越来越多的关注。在本综述中，描述了虾青素针对炎症生物标志物和多种信号通路（包括 PI3K/AKT、Nrf2、NF-κB、ERK1/2、JNK、p38 MAPK 和 JAK-2/STAT-3）的抗炎机制。此外，还强调了虾青素在神经退行性疾病、糖尿病、胃肠道疾病、肝和肾疾病、眼和皮肤疾病中的抗炎作用的应用。除了虾青素在各种慢性和急性疾病中的保护作用外，我们还总结了最近关于虾青素在传染病中不一致作用的研究进展，并认为虾青素在应对不同病原体感染时的确切功能以及虾青素在病毒性传染病中的潜在保护作用应该是未来的重要研究方向。
