Alluhayyan Omar B, Alshahri Bashair K, Farhat Abdulrahman M, Alsugair Sulaiman, Siddiqui Jihan J, Alghabawy Khaled, AlQefari Ghaida B, Alolayan Waleed O, Abu Hashem Izzat A
Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, SAU.
Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Khobar, SAU.
Cureus. 2020 Oct 15;12(10):e10975. doi: 10.7759/cureus.10975.
Objective This study aimed to estimate and investigate the prevalence and the risk factors implicated in contact dermatitis among healthcare workers in the Al'Qassim region, Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology We conducted a cross-sectional survey among healthcare workers at hospitals in the Al'Qassim region. Data was collected using a standardized and validated Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire version 2002. We included 408 participants in the analysis. Results The majority of the respondents (66.7%) were females. The mean age of participants was 34 (SD: ±9) years. Most of the participants who reported contact dermatitis were nurses (58.6%). Direct patient care roles represent 78% of participants. Respondents who work 40-50 hours per week represent 61.5% of the sample. The most commonly recorded symptoms were dryness (92.9%), itchiness (50%), and redness (46.4%) of the skin. The most affected site was hand 93.5%. Hand cleanser was the commonest substance implicated in the worsening of the skin changes (59.2%). Protective glove material that worsens contact dermatitis, such as natural rubber/latex, represents 76% of responses. A significant association (p=0.001)was seen in the occurrence of contact dermatitis in those with a history of allergic eye symptoms (33.3%) and those without (58%). Participants with a mean age of 26.47 years were more prone to develop contact dermatitis (CI: 1.19-7.06; p=0.067). Pharmacists and interns had 3.69 and 4.90 times higher odds of having contact dermatitis (CI: 0.95-7.33; CI: 22.1; p=0.027; p=0.038, respectively). Those involved in patient education and research activities at work were 6.48 (p=0.017) and 20.51 (p=0.024) times likely to develop contact dermatitis (CI: 1.38-30.31; CI: 1.49-282.15, respectively). Conclusions We explored the prevalence and risk factors for occupational contact dermatitis among healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of reported skin changes during the pandemic was 46.4%. Our study also showed that the risk factors of developing contact dermatitis include female gender, history of eye allergies, and young age group.
目的 本研究旨在评估和调查沙特阿拉伯卡西姆地区医护人员在新冠疫情期间接触性皮炎的患病率及相关风险因素。方法 我们对卡西姆地区医院的医护人员进行了一项横断面调查。使用经过标准化和验证的2002版北欧职业性皮肤病问卷收集数据。我们纳入了408名参与者进行分析。结果 大多数受访者（66.7%）为女性。参与者的平均年龄为34岁（标准差：±9岁）。报告患有接触性皮炎的参与者大多是护士（58.6%）。直接参与患者护理工作的人员占参与者的78%。每周工作40 - 50小时的受访者占样本的61.5%。最常记录的症状是皮肤干燥（92.9%）、瘙痒（50%）和发红（46.4%）。受影响最严重的部位是手部（93.5%）。洗手液是导致皮肤状况恶化最常见的物质（59.2%）。会加重接触性皮炎的防护手套材料，如天然橡胶/乳胶，在回答中占76%。有眼部过敏症状史的人（33.3%）和没有眼部过敏症状史的人（58%）在接触性皮炎的发生上存在显著关联（p = 0.001）。平均年龄为26.47岁的参与者更容易发生接触性皮炎（置信区间：1.19 - 7.06；p = 0.067）。药剂师和实习生患接触性皮炎的几率分别高出3.69倍和4.90倍（置信区间：0.95 - 7.33；置信区间：22.1；p = 0.027；p = 0.038）。工作中参与患者教育和研究活动的人员患接触性皮炎的可能性分别高出6.48倍（p = 0.017）和20.51倍（p = 0.024）（置信区间：1.38 - 30.31；置信区间：1.49 - 282.15）。结论 我们探究了沙特阿拉伯医护人员职业性接触性皮炎的患病率及风险因素。疫情期间报告的皮肤变化患病率为46.4%。我们的研究还表明，发生接触性皮炎的风险因素包括女性、眼部过敏史和年轻年龄组。
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