伊朗健康素养与采取乳腺癌预防行为之间的关联。
Association between health literacy and adopting preventive behaviors of breast cancer in Iran.
作者信息
Panahi Rahman, Namdar Peyman, Siboni Fatemeh Samiei, Fallah Somayeh, Anbari Mohammad, Dehghankar Leila, Yekefallah Leili, Shafaei Mahya
机构信息
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Specialist, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
出版信息
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Sep 28;9:241. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_313_20. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Health literacy plays an important role in adopting preventive behaviors. Considering the relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to assess the association between health literacy and adopting the preventive behavior of breast cancer in Iran.
METHODS
This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which 375 female students at Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin in the academic year of 2018-2019 were selected through a stratified random sampling method. Demographic and background questionnaire, the standard questionnaire of Health Literacy for Iranian Adults in addition to another questionnaire for measuring breast cancer preventive behaviors, were used for collecting data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
RESULTS
The mean of the breast cancer preventive behaviors and health literacy were 8.92 ± 1.82 out of 16 and 70.80 ± 12.49 out of 100. Regression results showed that there was a statistically significant association between the adoption of breast cancer preventive behaviors and physical activity ( < 0.001) and health literacy ( < 0.018). Accordingly, the chance for adopting the preventive behaviors in good level among students with rare and without physical activity was 0.105 and 0.100 times, respectively, more than students who had been doing physical activity on a daily basis. Moreover, the same chance among students with adequate and very adequate health literacy was 1.802 and 2.169 times more than students with inadequate health literacy.
CONCLUSION
The results indicated that students with lower levels of health literacy and less physical activity had shown less tendency to adopt preventive behaviors of breast cancer. Therefore, special attention should be paid to health literacy (HL), particularly physical activity, application of health information, and assessment in students when designing educational programs to prevent breast cancer.
背景
健康素养在采取预防行为方面起着重要作用。鉴于女性乳腺癌的患病率相对较高，本研究旨在评估伊朗健康素养与采取乳腺癌预防行为之间的关联。
方法
这是一项描述性横断面研究，通过分层随机抽样方法选取了2018 - 2019学年加兹温伊玛目霍梅尼国际大学的375名女学生。使用人口统计学和背景调查问卷、伊朗成年人健康素养标准问卷以及另一项用于测量乳腺癌预防行为的问卷来收集数据。使用SPSS 22对数据进行描述性统计和逻辑回归分析。
结果
乳腺癌预防行为的平均得分在16分制中为8.92 ± 1.82分，健康素养在100分制中为70.80 ± 12.49分。回归结果表明，采取乳腺癌预防行为与体育活动（<0.001）和健康素养（<0.018）之间存在统计学上的显著关联。因此，很少进行体育活动和不进行体育活动的学生采取良好预防行为的机会分别是每天进行体育活动的学生的0.105倍和0.100倍。此外，健康素养充足和非常充足的学生采取预防行为的机会分别是健康素养不足的学生的1.802倍和2.169倍。
结论
结果表明，健康素养水平较低且体育活动较少的学生采取乳腺癌预防行为的倾向较低。因此，在设计预防乳腺癌的教育项目时应特别关注健康素养（HL），尤其是体育活动、健康信息的应用以及对学生的评估。
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