Istanbul Medipol University, Department of Psychology, Kavacik Mah., Ekinciler Cad., No:19, 34810 Beykoz/Istanbul, Turkey,
Psychiatr Danub. 2020 Nov;32(Suppl 4):463-470.
The stigma of mental illness has been reported as a serious barrier in lives of people with mental illness. Besides blocking admission to mental health services, it was found associated with terminating appropriate treatment. As well as relatives, neighbours or friends, it is shown that patients face stigma from psychiatrists. The aim of this study is to evaluate stigmatizing attitudes of psychiatrists and to find out its relationship with burnout and psychological flexibility.
256 psychiatrists all along Turkey were participated and age, gender, duration that spent as a clinician and psychotherapy training have been recorded. Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes (MICA) Scale were used to evaluate participants' psychological flexibility, burnout level and stigmatizing attitudes respectively. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to assess direct and indirect influences on stigma.
There were statistically significant differences between residents and senior psychiatrists in all three scales. Psychotherapy training was found significantly associated with lower levels of stigma. Stigma was found to be predicted by duration, age, and burnout levels. In SEM analyses psychological flexibility was found to predict stigma indirectly via burnout.
Increasing contact with the stigmatized and education are two widely used methods against stigma. In years their effects were found limited and temporary. Burnout in clinicians is an important parameter in many aspects as well as its relation with stigma. There are limited data to decrease burnout in psychiatrists. There are some evidence that shows Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is effective to decrease burnout and stigma in clinicians. In the means of additional ways when dealing with stigma, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can be a powerful tool while it targets to increase psychological flexibility.
精神疾病的污名被报道为精神疾病患者生活中的一个严重障碍。除了阻碍他们获得精神卫生服务外，它还被发现与终止适当治疗有关。除了亲属、邻居或朋友，患者还面临着精神科医生的污名。本研究旨在评估精神科医生的污名态度，并找出其与倦怠和心理灵活性的关系。
土耳其各地的 256 名精神科医生参与了这项研究，记录了他们的年龄、性别、作为临床医生的工作年限和心理治疗培训情况。使用接受与行动问卷第二版（Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II）、马斯拉奇倦怠量表（Maslach Burnout Inventory）和精神疾病：临床医生态度量表（Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes Scale，MICA）分别评估参与者的心理灵活性、倦怠水平和污名态度。结构方程模型（Structural Equation Modeling，SEM）用于评估对污名的直接和间接影响。
在所有三个量表中，住院医师和高级精神科医生之间存在统计学上的显著差异。心理治疗培训与较低的污名水平显著相关。研究发现，污名程度可由工作年限、年龄和倦怠程度来预测。在 SEM 分析中，心理灵活性通过倦怠间接预测污名。
增加与被污名化者的接触和教育是两种广泛使用的对抗污名的方法。这些方法的效果在多年后被发现是有限的和暂时的。临床医生的倦怠是许多方面的一个重要参数，它与污名有关。目前，减少精神科医生倦怠的方法有限。有一些证据表明，接受与承诺疗法（Acceptance and Commitment Therapy）可以有效减少临床医生的倦怠和污名。在处理污名的其他方法中，接受与承诺疗法可以作为一种强大的工具，同时它也可以提高心理灵活性。
