Li Xue, Jiang Ting, Sun Jian, Shi Lingyun, Liu Jiwen
Department of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 830011, Urumqi, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830000, Urumqi, China.
BMC Nurs. 2021 Sep 27;20(1):181. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00703-2.
Nursing is a high-risk occupation that involves exposure to stress. The physical and mental health of nurses is directly related to the quality of medical services, so the quality of life of nurses cannot be ignored. This study is a Chinese nursing study that investigated occupational stress, job burnout, and quality of life of surgical nurses in Xinjiang, China.
This study employed the cluster random sampling method and carried out a questionnaire survey among 488 surgical nurses from five hospitals from May 2019 to September 2019. The study analyzed the relationship between occupational stress, job burnout and quality of life. The Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire (ERI), Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS) and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to evaluate occupational stress, job burnout and quality of life among surgical nurses.
A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 488 were retrieved, with an effective recovery rate of 88.73 %. The results revealed that the quality of life score among surgical nurses was not high, and differences were observed in the quality of life score of patients according to gender, age, title, and frequency of night shifts (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between occupational stress and job burnout. Higher levels of occupational stress and job burnout were associated with a poorer quality of life score. Occupational stress and job burnout were identified as risk factors for quality of life, and the interaction between high levels of stress and burnout seriously reduced quality of life. The structural equation model revealed that occupational stress and job burnout had a direct impact on quality of life, occupational stress had a direct impact on job burnout, and job burnout was identified as a mediating factor in the relationship between occupational stress and quality of life.
Surgical nurses have a high level of occupational stress and burnout, and low quality of life score. Quality of life is correlated with occupational stress and job burnout. According to the individual characteristics and psychological state of nurses, managers can implement personalized intervention measures promptly and effectively to relieve their tension and burnout, and improve the quality of life of surgical nurses.
护理是一项高风险职业，涉及暴露于压力之中。护士的身心健康直接关系到医疗服务质量，因此护士的生活质量不容忽视。本研究是一项中国护理研究，调查了中国新疆外科护士的职业压力、职业倦怠和生活质量。
本研究采用整群随机抽样方法，于2019年5月至2019年9月对来自五家医院的488名外科护士进行问卷调查。该研究分析了职业压力、职业倦怠和生活质量之间的关系。采用付出-回报失衡问卷（ERI）、马氏职业倦怠量表通用版（MBI-GS）和36项简短健康调查问卷（SF-36）来评估外科护士的职业压力、职业倦怠和生活质量。
本研究共发放问卷550份，回收488份，有效回收率为88.73%。结果显示，外科护士的生活质量得分不高，根据性别、年龄、职称和夜班频率，患者的生活质量得分存在差异（P<0.05）。职业压力与职业倦怠呈正相关。较高水平的职业压力和职业倦怠与较低的生活质量得分相关。职业压力和职业倦怠被确定为生活质量的危险因素，高水平的压力和倦怠之间的相互作用严重降低了生活质量。结构方程模型显示，职业压力和职业倦怠对生活质量有直接影响，职业压力对职业倦怠有直接影响，职业倦怠被确定为职业压力与生活质量之间关系的中介因素。
外科护士职业压力和倦怠水平较高，生活质量得分较低。生活质量与职业压力和职业倦怠相关。管理者可根据护士的个体特征和心理状态，及时有效地实施个性化干预措施，缓解其紧张和倦怠情绪，提高外科护士的生活质量。
