Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
BMC Ecol. 2020 Nov 19;20(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s12898-020-00328-0.
The characteristics of a larval habitat is an important factor which affects the breeding pattern and population growth of mosquitoes Information about the larval habitat characteristics and pupal productivity can be utilized for the surveillance of the level of population growth, species diversity, and preferred breeding sites of mosquitoes, which are important aspects of integrated vector control. In the present study, mosquito larvae were collected from 22 natural habitats in five counties of the West Azerbaijan Province in the Northwest of Iran during May-November 2018. Physicochemical characteristics of the habitats were investigated. These included alkalinity, chloride (Cl) content, water temperature (°C), turbidity (NTU), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (ppm), Electrical Conductivity (EC) (μS/cm), and acidity (pH). The index of affinity between the collected species was calculated using Fager & McGowan test.
A total of 2715 specimens were collected and identified. Seven different species belonging to four genera were identified in our study sites. The species included, Culex pipiens Linnaeus 1758, Culex theileri Theobald 1903, Culex mimeticus Noé 1899, Culex modestus Ficalbi 1947, Culiseta longiareolata Macquart 1838, Anopheles maculipennis Meigen 1818complex, and Aedes caspius Pallas 1771. There was a significant difference in chloride content and water temperature preferences among the different species (P < 0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in pH, Alkalinity, Turbidity, TDS, and EC preferences among the different species (P > 0.05). The affinity between the pair of species Cx. mimeticus/Cs. longiareolata was 0.526. There was no affinity between other pairs of species or the affinity was very weak.
The physicochemical and biological characteristics of mosquito larval habitats play an important role in zoning of areas suitable for breeding and distribution. Surveillance of these characteristics can provide valuable information for entomological monitoring of mosquito vectors and for designing targeted control programs. Also, further studies should be undertaken in a wider geographical area, taking into account the complex characteristics of the physicochemical and ecological factors of the study area and their interaction with various mosquito species.
幼虫栖息地的特征是影响蚊子繁殖模式和种群增长的重要因素。有关幼虫栖息地特征和蛹生产力的信息可用于监测蚊子种群增长水平、物种多样性和首选繁殖地，这是综合病媒控制的重要方面。在本研究中，2018 年 5 月至 11 月，从伊朗西北部西阿塞拜疆省五个县的 22 个自然栖息地中采集了蚊子幼虫。研究了栖息地的理化特性，包括碱度、氯（Cl）含量、水温和浊度（NTU）、总溶解固体（TDS）（ppm）、电导率（EC）（μS/cm）和酸度（pH）。使用 Fager 和 McGowan 测试计算了收集到的物种之间的亲和指数。
共采集并鉴定了 2715 个标本。在我们的研究地点鉴定出了属于四个属的七种不同物种。这些物种包括库蚊（Culex pipiens Linnaeus 1758）、三带喙库蚊（Culex theileri Theobald 1903）、迷走库蚊（Culex mimeticus Noé 1899）、致倦库蚊（Culex modestus Ficalbi 1947）、中带按蚊（Culiseta longiareolata Macquart 1838）、致倦库蚊复合体（Anopheles maculipennis Meigen 1818complex）和刺扰伊蚊（Aedes caspius Pallas 1771）。不同物种之间的氯含量和水温偏好存在显著差异（P<0.05）。此外，不同物种之间的 pH、碱度、浊度、TDS 和 EC 偏好没有显著差异（P>0.05）。种对 Cx. mimeticus/Cs. longiareolata 的亲和性为 0.526。其他种对之间没有亲和性，或者亲和性很弱。
蚊子幼虫栖息地的理化和生物学特征在划分适合繁殖和分布的区域方面起着重要作用。监测这些特征可以为蚊子媒介的昆虫学监测和设计有针对性的控制计划提供有价值的信息。此外，应该在更广泛的地理区域进行进一步的研究，考虑到研究区域的理化和生态因素的复杂特征及其与各种蚊子物种的相互作用。
