de Salazar Lydia, Contreras Carlos, Torregrosa-García Antonio, Luque-Rubia Antonio J, Ávila-Gandía Vicente, Domingo Joan Carles, López-Román Francisco Javier
Sports Physiology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, UCAM Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain.
Innova, Health and Sport Institute, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Nov 18;9(11):1145. doi: 10.3390/antiox9111145.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation can reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress generated during long aerobic exercise, with the minimum dose yet to be elucidated for physically active subjects. In this study, we performed a dose finding with re-esterified DHA in triglyceride form in a randomized double-blind parallel trial at different doses (350, 1050, 1750, and 2450 mg a day) for 4 weeks in males engaged in regular cycling ( = 100, 7.6 ± 3.7 h/week). The endogenous antioxidant capacity of DHA was quantified as a reduction in the levels of the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) recollected in 24-h urine samples after 90 min of constant load cycling before and after intervention. To ascertain incorporation of DHA, erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition was compared along groups. We found a dose-dependent antioxidant capacity of DHA from 1050 mg with a trend to neutralization for the highest dose of 2450 mg (placebo: = 13, F = 0.041; 350 mg: = 10, F = 0.268; 1050 mg: = 11, F = 7.112; 1750 mg: = 12, F = 9.681; 2450 mg: = 10, F = 15.230). In the erythrocyte membrane, the re-esterified DHA increased DHA and omega-3 percentage and decreased omega 6 and the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, while Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and PUFA remained unchanged. Supplementation of re-esterified DHA exerts a dose-dependent endogenous antioxidant property against moderate-intensity long-duration aerobic exercise in physically active subjects when provided at least 1050 mg a day for 4 weeks.
补充二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）可减少长时间有氧运动期间产生的运动诱导氧化应激，然而对于身体活跃的受试者而言，其最小有效剂量仍有待阐明。在本研究中，我们以甘油三酯形式的重新酯化DHA进行了剂量探索，在一项随机双盲平行试验中，对从事常规骑行运动（每周骑行时间为100小时，平均7.6±3.7小时）的男性受试者，给予不同剂量（每天350、1050、1750和2450毫克）的DHA，为期4周。DHA的内源性抗氧化能力通过干预前后90分钟恒定负荷骑行后收集的24小时尿液样本中氧化应激标志物8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）水平的降低来定量。为确定DHA的掺入情况，对各组红细胞多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）组成进行了比较。我们发现，从1050毫克起，DHA具有剂量依赖性抗氧化能力，对于最高剂量2450毫克呈现中和趋势（安慰剂组：n = 13，F = 0.041；350毫克组：n = 10，F = 0.268；1050毫克组：n = 11，F = 7.112；1750毫克组：n = 12，F = 9.681；2450毫克组：n = 10，F = 15.230）。在红细胞膜中，重新酯化的DHA增加了DHA和ω-3百分比，降低了ω-6以及ω-6与ω-3的比值，而二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和PUFA保持不变。当每天至少提供1050毫克重新酯化的DHA，持续4周时，其补充对身体活跃的受试者进行中等强度长时间有氧运动具有剂量依赖性内源性抗氧化特性。
