Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0411, USA.
Phoenix Australia Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 18;17(22):8562. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228562.
This narrative review examined strategies for preparedness and response to mental health impacts of three forms of climate change from a services perspective: (1) acute and extreme weather events such as hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, (2) sub-acute or long-term events such as droughts and heatwaves; and (3) the prospect of long-term and permanent changes, including higher temperatures, rising sea levels, and an uninhabitable physical environment. Strategies for acute events included development and implementation of programs and practices for monitoring and treating mental health problems and strengthening individual and community resilience, training of community health workers to deliver services, and conducting inventories of available resources and assessments of at-risk populations. Additional strategies for sub-acute changes included advocacy for mitigation policies and programs and adaptation of guidelines and interventions to address the secondary impacts of sub-acute events, such as threats to livelihood, health and well-being, population displacement, environmental degradation, and civil conflict. Strategies for long-lasting changes included the implementation of evidence-based risk communication interventions that address the existing and potential threat of climate change, promoting the mental health benefits of environmental conservation, and promoting psychological growth and resilience.
（1）飓风、洪水和野火等急性和极端天气事件，（2）干旱和热浪等亚急性或长期事件；以及（3）长期和永久性变化的前景，包括更高的温度、海平面上升和无法居住的物理环境。针对急性事件的策略包括制定和实施监测和治疗心理健康问题以及增强个人和社区适应力的方案和实践，培训社区卫生工作者提供服务，以及对现有资源进行清查和对高危人群进行评估。针对亚急性变化的额外策略包括倡导缓解政策和方案，以及调整准则和干预措施，以应对亚急性事件的次生影响，例如生计、健康和福祉、人口流离失所、环境退化和国内冲突等威胁。针对持久变化的策略包括实施基于证据的风险沟通干预措施，以应对气候变化的现有和潜在威胁，促进环境保护对心理健康的益处，以及促进心理成长和适应力。
