College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2021 Feb;198:111465. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111465. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Nanozyme belonging to artificial enzyme is a term describing nanomaterial with enzyme-like characteristics. Great research advances have been acquired in the field of nanozymes due to their striking merits. Inspired by natural enzymes that disrupt the structural integrity of cells or interfere with metabolism, nanozymes which can effectively avoid generation of bacterial resistance may become potential alternatives for antibiotics in the context of the continuous emergence and rapid spread of drug-resistant bacteria and the slow development of new antibiotics. Naturally, nanozymes inevitably have some inherent defects, which need to be compensated by forming composite materials with other components to play a synergistic effect. What's more, nanozyme-based composite materials retain the advantages of nanozymes and integrate multiple functions into a single system to achieve an intelligent and multi-functional therapeutic model. This is a new strategy for combating bacteria/biofilms in the future. In this review, firstly we cover the general mechanisms and design principles of nanozyme-based composite materials for fighting against bacteria/biofilms and the typical types of nanozymes for resisting bacteria/biofilms. Meanwhile the applications and the advantages of nanozyme-based composite materials for anti-bacteria and anti-biofilms are emphasized. Finally, the challenges and prospects of nanozyme-based composite materials for combating bacteria/biofilms are discussed for future research in this field.
纳米酶属于人工酶，是指具有类酶特性的纳米材料。由于具有显著的优点，纳米酶在领域取得了巨大的研究进展。受天然酶破坏细胞结构完整性或干扰代谢的启发，纳米酶可以有效避免细菌产生耐药性，可能成为抗生素的潜在替代品，因为耐药菌的不断出现和快速传播以及新抗生素的发展缓慢。当然，纳米酶不可避免地存在一些固有缺陷，需要与其他成分形成复合材料来发挥协同作用。更重要的是，基于纳米酶的复合材料保留了纳米酶的优点，并将多种功能集成到单个系统中，以实现智能多功能治疗模式。这是未来对抗细菌/生物膜的一种新策略。在这篇综述中，我们首先介绍了用于对抗细菌/生物膜的基于纳米酶的复合材料的一般机制和设计原则，以及用于抵抗细菌/生物膜的典型纳米酶类型。同时强调了基于纳米酶的复合材料在抗菌和抗生物膜方面的应用和优势。最后，讨论了基于纳米酶的复合材料在对抗细菌/生物膜方面的挑战和前景，为该领域的未来研究提供了参考。
