Crossley Thomas F, Fisher Paul, Low Hamish
European University Institute, IFS, ESCoE and Understanding Society, Italy.
ISER, University of Essex and Understanding Society, United Kingdom.
J Public Econ. 2021 Jan;193:104334. doi: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104334. Epub 2020 Nov 14.
Using new data from the first two waves of the COVID-19 Study collected in April and in May 2020 in the UK, we study the labour market shocks that individuals experienced in the first wave of the pandemic, and the steps they and their households took to cope with those shocks. is based on probability samples and the Covid-19 Study is constructed carefully to support valid population inferences. The Covid-19 Study collected novel data on the mitigation strategies that individuals and households employ. Further, prior observation of respondents in the panel allows us to characterize regressivity with respect to pre-pandemic economic positions. Our key findings are that those with precarious employment, aged under 30 and from minority ethnic groups faced the biggest labour market shocks. Almost 50% of individuals have experienced declines in household earnings of at least 10%, but declines are most severe in the bottom pre-pandemic income quintiles. Methods of mitigation vary substantially across groups: borrowing and transfers from family and friends are most prevalent among those most in need.
利用2020年4月和5月在英国收集的新冠疫情研究前两波的新数据，我们研究了个人在疫情第一波中所经历的劳动力市场冲击，以及他们及其家庭为应对这些冲击所采取的措施。该研究基于概率样本，并且新冠疫情研究经过精心构建，以支持有效的总体推断。新冠疫情研究收集了关于个人和家庭采用的缓解策略的新数据。此外，对该小组中受访者的先前观察使我们能够描述相对于疫情前经济状况的累退性。我们的主要发现是，就业不稳定、年龄在30岁以下以及来自少数族裔群体的人面临着最大的劳动力市场冲击。近50%的个人家庭收入下降了至少10%，但在疫情前收入最低的五分之一人群中，收入下降最为严重。缓解方法在不同群体之间有很大差异：向家人和朋友借款和转移是最有需要的人群中最普遍的方式。
