Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Adv Mater. 2021 Jan;33(1):e2006444. doi: 10.1002/adma.202006444. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Nutrients are essential for the healthy development and proper maintenance of body functions in humans. For adequate nourishment, it is important to keep track of nutrients level in the body, apart from consuming sufficient nutrition that is in line with dietary guidelines. Sweat, which contains rich chemical information, is an attractive biofluid for routine non-invasive assessment of nutrient levels. Herein, a wearable sensor that can selectively measure vitamin C concentration in biofluids, including sweat, urine, and blood is developed. Detection through an electrochemical sensor modified with Au nanostructures, LiClO -doped conductive polymer, and an enzymes-immobilized membrane is utilized to achieve wide detection linearity, high selectivity, and long-term stability. The sensor allows monitoring of temporal changes in vitamin C levels. The effect of vitamin C intake on the sweat and urine profile is explored by monitoring concentration changes upon consuming different amounts of vitamin C. A longitudinal study of sweat's and urine's vitamin C correlation with blood is performed on two individuals. The results suggest that sweat and urine analysis can be a promising method to routinely monitor nutrition through the sweat sensor and that this sensor can facilitate applications such as nutritional screening and dietary intervention.
营养素对于人类的健康发育和正常身体功能的维持至关重要。为了获得充足的营养，除了摄入符合饮食指南的充足营养外，跟踪体内的营养水平也很重要。汗液中含有丰富的化学信息，是一种很有吸引力的生物流体，可用于常规的非侵入性营养水平评估。在这里，开发了一种可选择性测量生物流体（包括汗液、尿液和血液）中维生素 C 浓度的可穿戴传感器。通过电化学传感器检测，该传感器经过修饰，使用了纳米金结构、掺杂 LiClO 的导电聚合物以及固定化酶的膜，从而实现了宽检测线性度、高选择性和长期稳定性。该传感器可用于监测维生素 C 水平的时间变化。通过监测摄入不同量的维生素 C 后浓度的变化，探索了维生素 C 摄入对汗液和尿液特征的影响。对两个人进行了汗液和尿液中维生素 C 与血液的相关性的纵向研究。结果表明，通过汗液传感器分析汗液和尿液可以成为一种有前途的常规监测营养的方法，并且该传感器可以促进营养筛查和饮食干预等应用。
