Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Periodontol 2000. 2021 Feb;85(1):46-81. doi: 10.1111/prd.12351. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
The emergence of high-throughput technologies for the comprehensive measurement of biomolecules, also referred to as "omics" technologies, has helped us gather "big data" and characterize microbial communities. In this article, we focus on metaproteomic and metabolomic approaches that support hypothesis-driven investigations on various oral biologic samples. Proteomics reveals the working units of the oral milieu and metabolomics unveils the reactions taking place; and so these complementary techniques can unravel the functionality and underlying regulatory processes within various oral microbial communities. Current knowledge of the proteomic interplay and metabolic interactions of microorganisms within oral biofilm and salivary microbiome communities is presented and discussed, from both clinical and basic research perspectives. Communities indicative of, or from, health, caries, periodontal diseases, and endodontic lesions are represented. Challenges, future prospects, and examples of best practice are given.
高通量技术的出现为生物分子的全面测量（也称为“组学”技术）提供了帮助，使我们能够收集“大数据”并对微生物群落进行特征分析。在本文中，我们重点介绍了支持针对各种口腔生物样本进行假设驱动研究的代谢组学和代谢组学方法。蛋白质组学揭示了口腔环境的工作单元，代谢组学揭示了发生的反应；因此，这些互补技术可以揭示各种口腔微生物群落中的功能和潜在的调节过程。从临床和基础研究的角度，介绍和讨论了口腔生物膜和唾液微生物组群落中微生物的蛋白质组相互作用和代谢相互作用的现有知识。代表性的社区包括健康、龋齿、牙周病和牙髓病变的社区。还给出了挑战、未来展望和最佳实践的例子。
