J Vet Med Educ. 2021 Dec;48(6):649-655. doi: 10.3138/jvme-2019-0132. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
This article aims to standardize 3D scanning and printing of dog skulls for educational use and evaluate the effectiveness of these anatomical printed models for a veterinary anatomy course. Skulls were selected for scanning and creating 3D-printed models through Fused Deposition Modeling using acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene. After a lecture on skull anatomy, the 3D-printed and real skull models were introduced during the practical bone class to 140 students. A bone anatomy practical test was conducted after a month; it consisted in identifying previously marked anatomical structures of the skull bones. The students were divided into two groups for the exam; the first group of students took the test on the real skulls, whereas the second group of students took the test on 3D-printed skulls. The students' performance was evaluated using similar practical examination questions. At the end of the course, these students were asked to answer a brief questionnaire about their individual experiences. The results showed that the anatomical structures of the 3D-printed skulls were similar to the real skulls. There was no significant difference between the test scores of the students that did their test using the real skulls and those using 3D prints. In conclusion, it was possible to construct a dynamic and printed digital 3D collection for studies of the comparative anatomy of canine skull species from real skulls, suggesting that 3D-digitalized and-printed skulls can be used as tools in veterinary anatomy teaching.
本文旨在规范犬颅骨的 3D 扫描和打印，用于教育目的，并评估这些解剖打印模型在兽医解剖课程中的有效性。使用丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯通过熔丝制造（Fused Deposition Modeling）进行颅骨扫描和创建 3D 打印模型。在讲授颅骨解剖学之后，在 140 名学生的实际骨骼课上介绍 3D 打印和真实颅骨模型。一个月后进行骨骼解剖实践测试；测试包括识别颅骨先前标记的解剖结构。学生分为两组进行考试；第一组学生在真实颅骨上进行测试，而第二组学生在 3D 打印颅骨上进行测试。使用类似的实践考试问题评估学生的表现。在课程结束时，这些学生被要求回答一份关于他们个人经验的简短问卷。结果表明，3D 打印颅骨的解剖结构与真实颅骨相似。在使用真实颅骨和 3D 打印进行测试的学生的测试分数之间没有显著差异。总之，从真实颅骨构建犬颅骨物种比较解剖学的动态和打印数字 3D 收藏是可能的，这表明 3D 数字化和打印颅骨可以作为兽医解剖教学的工具。
