de Alcântara Leite Dos Reis Daniela, Gouveia Beatriz Laura Rojas, Júnior José Carlos Rosa, de Assis Neto Antônio Chaves
Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques, 77, ZC, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.
3D Print Med. 2019 Aug 2;5(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s41205-019-0050-2.
Three-dimensional (3D) scanning and printing for the production of models is an innovative tool that can be used in veterinary anatomy practical classes. Ease of access to this teaching material can be an important aspect of learning the anatomy of domestic animals. In this study, a scanner was used to capture 3D images and a 3D printer that performs die-cast printing was used to produce skeletal models of the thoracic limb of a horse.
Bones from a horse were selected for scanning and creation of 3D-printed models. The printer used a filamentous thermoplastic material (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene [ABS]) which was deposited together with a support resin. Comparisons of the anatomical characteristics (measurements from the original and printed bone) were analyzed to determine the p-value.
Bones from the thoracic limb: scapula, humerus, radius and ulna, carpus and phalanges were used to produce digital and physical models for 3D impressions. Then the anatomical characteristics of the 3D printed models were compared with those of the original bones. The p-value was measured to be 0.9126, indicative of a strong evidence of similarity between the 3D-printed models and specimens. Thus, there was no significant statistical difference between the models and the original anatomical parts.
The anatomical characteristics were successfully identified in the 3D-printed copies, demonstrating that models of animal bones can be reproduced using 3D printing technology for use in veterinary education.
用于制作模型的三维（3D）扫描和打印是一种可用于兽医解剖实践课程的创新工具。获取这种教学材料的便捷性可能是学习家畜解剖学的一个重要方面。在本研究中，使用扫描仪获取3D图像，并使用一台进行压铸打印的3D打印机制作马前肢的骨骼模型。
选择一匹马的骨骼进行扫描并创建3D打印模型。打印机使用丝状热塑性材料（丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯[ABS]），并与支撑树脂一起沉积。对解剖特征（原始骨骼和打印骨骼的测量值）进行比较分析以确定p值。
前肢的骨骼：肩胛骨、肱骨、桡骨和尺骨、腕骨和指骨被用于制作3D印记的数字和实体模型。然后将3D打印模型的解剖特征与原始骨骼的进行比较。测得p值为0.9126，表明3D打印模型与标本之间有很强的相似性证据。因此，模型与原始解剖部位之间没有显著的统计学差异。
在3D打印副本中成功识别了解剖特征，表明可以使用3D打印技术复制动物骨骼模型用于兽医教育。
