Institute for Research and Innovation in Bioengineering (i3B), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Escuela de Arquitectura, Arte y Diseño (EAAD), Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 19;17(22):8576. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228576.
The effect that the physical characteristics of urban design have on the pedestrian's perceptions of safety is a fundamental aspect of city planning. This is particularly so with street crossings, where the pedestrian has to make a decision. This paper analyses how pedestrians are affected by number of traffic lanes, lighting colour temperature, and nearby vegetation as they cross roads. Perceptions of safety were quantified by means of the psychological and neurophysiological responses of 60 participants to 16 virtual reality scenarios (4 day and 12 night), based on existing urban design variables. The results showed differences between night-time and daytime scenarios, which suggests that there is a need to analyse both situations. As to the design guidelines, it was observed that safety is improved by reducing the number of traffic lanes and nearby vegetation, and by using a lighting colour temperature of 4500 K. However, the analysis of the variables showed that combined effects produce different results to those obtained from the analysis of individual elements. This result is essential information for urban managers in their assessments of whether particular interventions will improve crossing points.
城市设计的物理特征对行人安全感的影响是城市规划的一个基本方面。在街道交叉口尤其如此，因为行人必须做出决定。本文分析了行人在过马路时会受到车道数量、照明色温以及附近植被等因素的影响。通过 60 名参与者对 16 个虚拟现实场景（4 个白天和 12 个夜晚）的心理和神经生理反应，基于现有的城市设计变量来量化安全感。结果显示，夜间和白天的场景存在差异，这表明需要对两种情况进行分析。至于设计指南，观察到减少车道数量和附近植被以及使用 4500 K 的照明色温可以提高安全性。然而，对变量的分析表明，组合效应产生的结果与对单个元素的分析结果不同。对于城市管理者评估特定干预措施是否会改善交叉口，这一结果是重要的信息。
